Eldorado Collection:http://hdl.handle.net/2003/292582024-03-29T04:51:34Z2024-03-29T04:51:34ZComparison of five Calligonum species in Tarim Basin based on morphological and molecular dataAbdurahman, MaryamgulLiu, BinPan, BorongSabirhazi, GulnurYin, Linkehttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/303152015-08-12T19:16:34Z2013-05-13T00:00:00ZTitle: Comparison of five Calligonum species in Tarim Basin based on morphological and molecular data
Authors: Abdurahman, Maryamgul; Liu, Bin; Pan, Borong; Sabirhazi, Gulnur; Yin, Linke
Abstract: Five Calligonum species endemic to the Tarim Basin – C. roborowskii, C. kuerlese, C. juoqiangense, C. yengisaricum, and C. taklimakanense – were compared using 14 morphological characteristics and nrDNA ITS and cpDNA trnL-F molecular data. Intraspecific and interspecific morphological variation was uncovered, with variation between species significant for
most characteristics. Based on Euclidean distances, C. roborowskii and C. kuerlese were the most similar, and C. yengisaricum and C. kuerlese were the most divergent. There was very little variation in the molecular sequence data: although several variable sites were present in ITS and trnL-F regions, none of them were parsimony informative. Results of morphological
and molecular analyses suggest that the various morphological characteristics of the studied Calligonum species are strongly shaped by environmental factors, with the observed intraspecific and interspecific morphological variation a product of the spatial isolation and extreme drought of the Tarim Basin.2013-05-13T00:00:00ZCordyceps sinensis biomass produced by submerged fermentation in high-fat diet feed rats normalizes the blood lipid and the low testosterone induced by dietAikawa, JúliaBonatto, Sandro José RibeiroFreire dos Santos, LeandroHabu, SaschaPrado, Karin BraunRubel, RosáliaSoccol, Carlos RicardoSoccol, Vanete ThomazTorres, Maria FernandaYamaguchi, Adriana AyaZanatta, Ana Luciahttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/303142015-08-13T02:01:50Z2013-05-13T00:00:00ZTitle: Cordyceps sinensis biomass produced by submerged fermentation in high-fat diet feed rats normalizes the blood lipid and the low testosterone induced by diet
Authors: Aikawa, Júlia; Bonatto, Sandro José Ribeiro; Freire dos Santos, Leandro; Habu, Sascha; Prado, Karin Braun; Rubel, Rosália; Soccol, Carlos Ricardo; Soccol, Vanete Thomaz; Torres, Maria Fernanda; Yamaguchi, Adriana Aya; Zanatta, Ana Lucia
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of Cordyceps sinensis biomass supplementation obtained from submerged fermentation on blood lipid and low testosterone induced by high-fat diet (HFD). The experiments were carried out using a long-term intake of HFD and HFD plus Simvastatin or C. sinensis (4 months). Our results show that plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL were decreased by Cordyceps sinensis biomass supplementation (CSBS). A longterm intake of HFD caused a significant liver damage which has been reverted by CSBS. CSBS normalized decreasing testosterone levels observed in high-fat diet feed rats. All these
findings lead us to suggest that C. sinensis was able to decrease blood lipid concentration, increase hepatoprotective activity and normalize testosterone levels.2013-05-13T00:00:00ZExtract of Ferula foetida regel reverses gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in ratsAslam, MohdAzhar, M.U.Javaid, RaheelaJavaid, RasikhJaved, KalimNizami, Qudsiahttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/303132015-08-12T19:13:18Z2013-05-13T00:00:00ZTitle: Extract of Ferula foetida regel reverses gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Aslam, Mohd; Azhar, M.U.; Javaid, Raheela; Javaid, Rasikh; Javed, Kalim; Nizami, Qudsia
Abstract: Natural products and dietary components have earlier been proven as potential chemoprotective agents, and continuous efforts are in progress to search for such new products. Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is widely used for treating the infections caused by many gram negative bacteria. However, besides other unwanted effects, the drug causes tubular cell
necrosis in the proximal convoluted tubules of nephrons. Unavailability of any remedial
measures in the modern medicine for such ailments therefore makes it imperative to screen for natural products that are nephroprotective against such renal impairment. Here in the undertaken
study, we have tested nephroprotective effects of Hing (Ferula foetida) extracts on
gentamicin-treated rats. As expected, subcutaneous administration of rats with Gentamicin (100 mg/kg) showed significant increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), as an indication of renal disorder. However, co-administration of methanol soluble and insoluble fractions of Ferula foetida (Hing), to the Gentamicin-treated rats almost showed a complete reversal of the above effects, indicating
nephroprotective properties of the herbal drug. This may be an important addition to the list of studies where natural products have been discovered to be chemoprotective.2013-05-13T00:00:00ZHepatoprotective effects of pantothenic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in ratsEidi, AkramMortazavi, PejmanRohani, Ali HaeriSafi, ShahabaldinTehrani, Masoud Ebrahimhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/303122015-08-12T19:13:16Z2013-05-13T00:00:00ZTitle: Hepatoprotective effects of pantothenic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rats
Authors: Eidi, Akram; Mortazavi, Pejman; Rohani, Ali Haeri; Safi, Shahabaldin; Tehrani, Masoud Ebrahim
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of pantothenic acid on CCl4-induced liver damage. Male Wistar rats were orally treated with pantothenic acid (0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg) daily, with administration of CCl4 (1 mL/kg, 50 %
CCl4 in olive oil) twice a week for 28 days. The effect of pantothenic acid on serum markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase)was measured in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Further, the effects on enzymatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase) were estimated in the liver samples. CCl4 challenge not only elevated the serum marker enzyme activities but also suppressed hepatic antioxidative defense system including superoxide dismutase. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. Histopathological examination
of livers showed that pantothenic acid reduced fatty degeneration, cytoplasmic
vacuolization and necrosis in CCl4-treated rats. Therefore, pantothenic acid may be an effective hepatoprotective agent and viable candidate for treating hepatic disorders and other oxidative stress-related diseases.2013-05-13T00:00:00ZFlavonoids of Piper sarmentosum and its cytoprotective effects against oxidative stressHui, Chua KienMahdy, Zaleha AbdullahNordin, Nor Anita Megat MohdUgusman, AzizahZakaria, Zaitonhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297872015-08-12T21:42:08Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Flavonoids of Piper sarmentosum and its cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress
Authors: Hui, Chua Kien; Mahdy, Zaleha Abdullah; Nordin, Nor Anita Megat Mohd; Ugusman, Azizah; Zakaria, Zaiton
Abstract: Abnormalities in endothelial cell structure and function may lead to diseases such as thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. Previous studies have shown a relationship between a diet rich in flavonoid and a reduced incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Piper
sarmentosum (PS) is a plant with high flavonoid content and it possesses antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic activities. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the flavonoids present
in aqueous extract of PS (AEPS) and its cytoprotective effects in oxidative stress-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). AEPS contained high total phenolic content (91.02 ± 0.02 mg QE/g DM) and total flavonoid content (48.57 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g DM). Screening using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique showed the presence of rutin and vitexin as the main flavonoids in AEPS. HUVEC were exposed to 180 μM H2O2 and treated with various concentrations of rutin or vitexin (10 to 400 μM) for 24 hours. Both rutin and vitexin at the concentration of 150-400 μM significantly increased the viability of H2O2-induced HUVEC as denoted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Therefore rutin and vitexin as the main flavonoids
present in PS may be involved in the protective effects of PS against oxidative stress.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZImpaired lipid levels and inflammatory response in rats exposed to cadmiumAdedeji, Adebayo LawrenceAdedosu, Olaniyi TemitopeAdekunle, Adeniran SanmiAfolabi, Olusegun KayodeOyewo, Emmanuel Bukoyehttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297862015-08-12T21:42:04Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Impaired lipid levels and inflammatory response in rats exposed to cadmium
Authors: Adedeji, Adebayo Lawrence; Adedosu, Olaniyi Temitope; Adekunle, Adeniran Sanmi; Afolabi, Olusegun Kayode; Oyewo, Emmanuel Bukoye
Abstract: To investigate the subchronic effect of cadmium intoxication on lipid metabolism and the inflammatory responses accompanying it, rats were administered 50 and 100 ppm cadmium
through their drinking water for 7 weeks. At both concentrations, cadmium exposure resulted in significant elevation (p < 0.05) of total cholesterol and gave rise to hypertriglyceridemia in the plasma of the animals. The proinflammatory cytokines, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, were highly expressed in the animals. At the 50 ppm dose level, plasma IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were increased by 20 %, 87 % and 336 % respectively, while the 100 ppm dose yielded 32 %, 57 % and 470 % increases, respectively. A drastic build-up of MDA in the liver elicited by the metal led to an 85 % increase in lipid peroxidation at high dose. A 3-fold increase of lipid
hydroperoxidation (LOOH) products was obtained on exposure to cadmium at 100 ppm.
Cadmium caused more than a 2-fold increase in oxLDL levels at both doses tested.
Paraoxonase activity was also significantly repressed, culminating in a 43 % reduction in activity at 100 ppm dose. Disruption of lipid metabolism, increased lipid peroxidation as well as imbalance in proinflammatory cytokine levels may thus, be means by which cadmium induces its toxicity.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZHaematological parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with leaf essential oil of Hoslundia opposita (Vahl)Akolade, J.O.Muhammad, N.O.Oloyede, O.B.Usman, L.A.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297852015-08-12T21:42:00Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Haematological parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with leaf essential oil of Hoslundia opposita (Vahl)
Authors: Akolade, J.O.; Muhammad, N.O.; Oloyede, O.B.; Usman, L.A.
Abstract: The effect of leaf essential oil of Hoslundia opposita (Vahl) on the haematological parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Forty-eight albino rats (Rattus norvegicus), of average weight 132.5 g, were randomly selected into normal and diabetic groups, each with
four sub-groups. The rats were treated with 110 and 220 mg/kg body weight (b. wt.) of the
essential oil. 14.2 mg/kg body weight of metformin (Glucophage) was used as a reference drug. All treatments were administered, intraperitoneally, once a day for four days. Haematological parameters like haemoglobin (HGB), red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, percentage lymphocytes (LYM) and neutrophils (NEU) were analysed. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the erythrocyte indices of all the normal (nondiabetic) rats, both treated and untreated. However, there was a significant increase (p <0.05) in the WBC count and a significant reduction (p <0.05) in the lymphocyte (LYM) percentages of the normal (non-diabetic) rats administered with higher dose of the essential oil. The results
also revealed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the RBC counts of untreated diabetic rats and diabetic rats administered 110 mg/kg b. wt. of the oil respectively. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the LYM of diabetic untreated rats was also observed, while administration of metformin and 110 mg/kg b. wt. Hoslundia opposita leaf essential oil (HOLEO) to diabetic rats significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the LYM percentages to values within range of the normal control animals. Overall, administration of the oil has significant ameliorative effect on alloxan-induced anaemia in diabetic state and this
may be of immense benefits in the management of type 2 diabetes and its associated haematological complications.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZProtective role of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract against streptozotocin induced sperm damage in diabetic ratsBudin, Siti BalkisIdris, Muhd Hanis MdMohamed, JamaludinOsman, Mohamadhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297842015-08-12T19:04:55Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Protective role of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract against streptozotocin induced sperm damage in diabetic rats
Authors: Budin, Siti Balkis; Idris, Muhd Hanis Md; Mohamed, Jamaludin; Osman, Mohamad
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus contributes to male sexual dysfunction and infertility by modulating oxidative damage. To date, a number of studies have demonstrated antioxidant properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. This study was designed to investigate the effects of H. sabdariffa UKMR-2 variety on sperm functioning of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were allotted into four groups, namely control group (C), H. sabdariffa extract (HSE) group, diabetes group (D) and diabetes plus HSE group (D+HSE). HSE (100 mg/kg/body weight) was administered orally for 28 consecutive days. After 28-days of supplementation, the rats were sacrificed to obtain epididymal sperm. Administration of HSE significantly lowered the level of fasting blood glucose and increased plasma insulin level in D+HSE group as compared to D group (p<0.05). Sperm quality in the D+HSE group was improved with significantly higher sperm concentrations (p<0.05) and sperm motility (p<0.001) as well as lower percentage of sperm abnormality (p<0.05) as compared to the diabetic group. Plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level was significantly elevated (p<0.05) in D+HSE group than in D group while no significant alteration in plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) level were seen between groups. In conclusion, this study suggested that H. sabdariffa UKMR-2 variety has a potential protective role against diabetes-induced sperm damage.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZIgG4-related disease and the current status of diagnostic approachesDu, HaitaoWan, JunWu, BenyanWu, YinqiaoYan, Lihttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297832015-08-12T19:04:53Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: IgG4-related disease and the current status of diagnostic approaches
Authors: Du, Haitao; Wan, Jun; Wu, Benyan; Wu, Yinqiao; Yan, Li
Abstract: IgG4-related disease is a newly recognized systemic disease characterized by involving a
wide range of organs. It includes the pancreas, biliary tree, salivary glands, periorbital tissues, upper aerodigestive tract, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, aorta, soft tissue, skin, central nervous system, breast, kidneys, prostate, lungs and lymph nodes. The elevated serum titer of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), which is the least common (3 % to 6 %) of the 4 subclasses of IgG, is a special marker for IgG4-related disease. However, its entity is still unknown. This article reviewed the literature to learn the IgG4-related diseases and their current status of diagnostic approaches.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZProtective effects of curcumin and vitamin E on carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity in ratsIndira, PalaSivajyothi, P.Sudhakara, G.Venkatanarayana, G.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297822015-08-12T19:04:51Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Protective effects of curcumin and vitamin E on carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Indira, Pala; Sivajyothi, P.; Sudhakara, G.; Venkatanarayana, G.
Abstract: The present investigation reports the protective effects of curcumin (CMN) and vitamin E against CCl4 induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in rats. The toxicant CCl4 was used to induce nephrotoxicity at a dose of 1 ml/kg as 1:1(v/v) mixture with liquid paraffin twice
weekly for 8 weeks. Plasma total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine concentrations were measured to assess the renal function. Antioxidant status in the kidney was estimated by determining the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as by histopathological examination. CCl4 caused elevated levels of urea and creatinine while it decreased levels of total protein and albumin in plasma. Furthermore, CCl4 treated rats showed marked depletion of renal endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Oral administration of curcumin (100 mg/kg, daily for 8 weeks) and in combination with vitamin E (three times weekly for 8 weeks) showed significantly attenuated renal dysfunction by increased activity of antioxidant
enzymes in kidney. It also increased the concentrations of plasma total protein and albumin, while reducing the concentration of urea and creatinine. Kidney sections of CCl4 induced rats showed deleterious alterations in micro anatomy. However, curcumin and vitamin E treatment prevented kidney damage induced by CCl4. This study reveals that curcumin in combination with vitamin E possesses strong antioxidant and kidney protective activity compared to curcumin alone.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZEvaluation of acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity study of Baker Cleansers Bitters - a polyherbal drug on experimental ratsAmadi, U.Ayalogu, E.O.Charles, I.A.Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, K.C.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297812015-08-12T19:04:49Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Evaluation of acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity study of Baker Cleansers Bitters - a polyherbal drug on experimental rats
Authors: Amadi, U.; Ayalogu, E.O.; Charles, I.A.; Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, K.C.
Abstract: Baker Cleanser Bitters (BCB) - a polyherbal formula commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, liver cirrhosis, kidney failure, rheumatism and arthritis was evaluated in an acute and sub-chronic toxicity study in Wistar albino rats. A single administration of BCB was given orally at the highest dose level of 2000 mg/kg body weight in the acute toxicity study. Signs of toxicity were observed every hour for the first 6 h and every day for 7 days. In the subchronic
oral toxicity study, BCB was administered to rats at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg
body weight for 28 days. Mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, biochemical and haematological parameters were monitored during the study period. There were no mortalities or clinical signs observed in rats in the acute toxicity study. In the sub-chronic study in rats,
daily oral administration of BCB at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight resulted in a drop in percentage increase in body weight at the end of the 4th week. Alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), fasting blood sugar and packed cell volume (PCV) decreased significantly (p≤0.05) whereas alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) and platelets increased significantly (p≤0.05) when compared to control. The high no-observed adverse effects level (NOAEL) value of 2000 mg/kg body weight implies that the drug could be safe. The study also revealed that the polyherbal drug may have good hypoglycemic effects and favourable reducing effects on the cardiovascular risk factors and explains the basis for the continual use of this plant by traditional medical practitioners.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZAntinuclear antibodies in primary osteoarthritis of the kneeHussein, HeselynnNorazman, Mohd RosliRajalingam, ShamalaSakthiswary, Rajalinghamhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297802015-08-12T19:04:47Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Antinuclear antibodies in primary osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Hussein, Heselynn; Norazman, Mohd Rosli; Rajalingam, Shamala; Sakthiswary, Rajalingham
Abstract: Objective: Although osteoarthritis (OA) is widely accepted as a degenerative disease, autoimmune processes are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis. There are limited studies in this area and most of them focused on antibodies against chondrocyte membrane. In an attempt to address the paucity of evidence in this regard, we explored the clinical significance
of antinuclear antibody (ANA) in primary osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK).
Method: We studied 106 patients with primary osteoarthritis of at least 1 knee and 63 healthy controls from two tertiary centres in Malaysia from September 2005 to May 2012. All subjects were tested for ANA by immunofluorescence testing, and a titer of 1:40 and above was considered positive. Besides, the radiographs of bilateral knees were evaluated for grading, tibiofemoral compartment involvement and total knee replacement (TKR) implants. We compared
the clinical characteristics between the ANA positive and ANA negative OAK cases.
Results: The incidence of ANA positivity among the cases (39.4 %) was higher than the controls (27 %) but this difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.754). ANA positive cases showed significantly higher incidence of bilateral and Grade IV OAK with higher frequency of TKR. In the multiple regression analysis, bilateral OAK (p< 0.0001; odds ratio 9.00), Grade IV OAK (p<0.001, odds ratio 3.44) and TKR (p=0.009; odds ratio 2.97) remained associated
with ANA positivity.
Conclusions: ANA test is a potential prognostic tool in primary OAK and its positivity is associated with the clinical outcomes of bilateral, Grade IV OAK and TKR.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZExpertise accounts for inversion effectFeng, JunGong, JingjingHuang, YonghuaWei, YazhouZhang, WeiweiZhang, Yanhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297792015-08-12T18:58:34Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Expertise accounts for inversion effect
Authors: Feng, Jun; Gong, Jingjing; Huang, Yonghua; Wei, Yazhou; Zhang, Weiwei; Zhang, Yan
Abstract: A contextual priming paradigm was used to investigate the influence of processing of configural/featural information and activation of expertise upon inversion effect. 32 participants were divided into Faces group (Faces priming vs. English letters priming) and Chinese characters
group (Chinese characters priming vs. English letters priming). Pair matching tasks
were performed in the processing of configural and featural information respectively. Participants were primed with either Face/Chinese characters or Combination of English letters, and
then tested on ambiguous, undefined, but identical stimuli that could be interpreted as either faces/Chinese characters or combination of English letters in terms of different contextual priming. The presence of inversion effect in Faces and Chinese characters priming (only in the processing of configural information) and the absence of such effect in the English letters
priming demonstrated that inversion effect should be attributed not only to the processing of configural information but also to the specific top-down priming mechanism. However, inversion effect of Chinese characters priming was distinct from that induced in the faces priming, and such effect of inversion in Chinese characters couldn’t be explained by the recruitment of
face-specific mechanisms, which justified the explanation of inversion effect by expertise.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZAscorbic acid oxidation of thiol groups from dithiotreitol is mediated by its conversion to dehydroascorbic acidBarbosa, Nilda B.V.Colpo, ElisangelaKlimaczewski, Cláudia V.Lissner, Leandro A.Rocha, Joao B.T.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297782015-08-12T19:04:45Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Ascorbic acid oxidation of thiol groups from dithiotreitol is mediated by its conversion to dehydroascorbic acid
Authors: Barbosa, Nilda B.V.; Colpo, Elisangela; Klimaczewski, Cláudia V.; Lissner, Leandro A.; Rocha, Joao B.T.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the in vitro pro-oxidant effect of ascorbic acid towards thiol groups could be mediated by free radicals formed during its autooxidation and/or by a direct oxidation of -SH groups by its oxidized form (dehydroascorbic acid). This hypothesis was examined by measuring the rate of AA (ascorbic acid) oxidation in MOPS (3-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid buffer) and phosphate buffer (PB). Here we have
used dithiothreitol (DTT) as model of vicinal thiol-containing enzymes, namely delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase. The rate of AA and DTT oxidation was more pronounced in the presence of PB than in the MOPS. AA oxidation induced by iron/EDTA complex was significantly reduced by addition of superoxide dismutase, catalase and DTT to the reaction medium. H2O2 alone did not stimulate the oxidation of AA; however, AA oxidation was enhanced significantly with the addition of crescent concentrations of iron. Conversely, in DTT oxidation assay (without AA) the addition of iron, EDTA and H2O2, did not promote the oxidation
of -SH groups. Our findings suggest that in the presence of physiological concentrations of AA and thiols, the oxidation of -SH groups is mediated by AA conversion to dehydroascorbic acid with the participation of iron. Furthermore, free radical species formed during the autooxidation of AA apparently did not oxidize thiol groups to a significant extent.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZUrsodeoxycholic acid lowers bile lithogenicity by regulating SCP2 expression in rabbit cholesterol gallstone modelsCui, NaiqiangCui, YunfengLi, ZhonglianZhang, JuZhao, Erpenghttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297772015-08-12T19:04:39Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Ursodeoxycholic acid lowers bile lithogenicity by regulating SCP2 expression in rabbit cholesterol gallstone models
Authors: Cui, Naiqiang; Cui, Yunfeng; Li, Zhonglian; Zhang, Ju; Zhao, Erpeng
Abstract: Aims: We designed this study to get insight into the disorder of lipid metabolism during cholesterol gallstone formation and evaluate the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on the improvement of bile lithogenicity and on expression of lipid related genes.
Methods: Rabbit cholesterol gallstone models were induced by high cholesterol diet. Bile,
blood and liver tissues were obtained from rabbits after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks. Bile and blood lipids were measured enzymatically. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP7A1) and sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) mRNA expressions were detected by using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Cholesterol saturation index (CSI) was calculated by using Carey table to represent the bile lithogenicity.
Results: Rates of gallstone formation of the 4 and 5 week treatment groups were 100 %, but
that of the ursodeoxycholic acid treatment group was only 33.3 %. Expression of HMGCR
and SCP2 mRNA in the 4 week group was upregulated and that of CYP7A1 mRNA decreased
as compared with the 0 week group. Ursodeoxycholic acid could significantly extend nucleation time of bile and lower CSI. Ursodeoxycholic acid could reduce the expression of SCP2, but couldn’t influence expression of HMGCR and CYP7A1.
Conclusions: Abnormal expression of HMGCR, CYP7A1 and SCP2 might lead to high lithogenicity of bile. Ursodeoxycholic acid could improve bile lipids and lower bile lithogenicity, thereby reducing the incidence of gallstones. So it might be a good preventive drug for cholesterol
gallstones.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZProtective effect of ethanolic extract of Commiphora mukul gum resin against oxidative stress in the brain of streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar male ratsMallaiah, P.Ramesh, B.Saralakumari, D.Sreenivasulu, N.Sudhakara, G.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297762015-08-12T18:58:32Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Protective effect of ethanolic extract of Commiphora mukul gum resin against oxidative stress in the brain of streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar male rats
Authors: Mallaiah, P.; Ramesh, B.; Saralakumari, D.; Sreenivasulu, N.; Sudhakara, G.
Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Commiphora mukul gum resin (EtCMGR) against oxidative stress in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Wistar rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups: control (C), control treated with EtCMGR (C+CM), diabetic (D) and diabetic
treated with EtCMGR (D+CM). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection
of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight). Plant extract treated groups (C+CM and D+CM) were administered EtCMGR at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight/day by gavage for 60 days. Diabetic rats showed hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia with impaired insulin sensitivity. EtCMGR treatment to diabetic (D+CM group) rats prevented the rise in glucose level by 96.7 %, while enhancing insulin level (77.7 %) and improving insulin sensitivity (27.3 %) compared to D group. The brain antioxidant status of D group rats showed higher levels of lipid peroxidation
(77.9 %), protein glycation (100 %), and increased activities of xanthine oxidase (47.1 %) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (101.9 %) and lowered concentration of reduced glutathione (38.2 %) and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes i.e., glutathione reductase (24 %), glutathione
peroxidase (24.4 %) and superoxide dismutase (42.1 %) and increased activities of catalase
(87.4 %) and glutathione-S-transferase (45.3 %) compared to control group. While EtCMGR
treatment for 60 days in D+CM group prevented the observed abnormalities of antioxidant tatus of D group. This study demonstrates that EtCMGR is a potent neuroprotective agent against oxidative damage induced under diabetes.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZAcute and sub-chronic toxicological evaluation of hydro-methanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. seedsDesai, SwatiDevkar, RanjitsinhPatel, DipakRamachandran, A.V.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297752015-08-12T18:58:30Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Acute and sub-chronic toxicological evaluation of hydro-methanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. seeds
Authors: Desai, Swati; Devkar, Ranjitsinh; Patel, Dipak; Ramachandran, A.V.
Abstract: Coriandrum sativum L. (CS) seeds are known to possess therapeutic potentials against a variety of physiological disorders. This study assesses acute and sub-chronic toxicity profile of hydro-methanolic extract of CS seeds using OECD guidelines. In acute toxicity study, mice were once orally administered 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight of CS extract. There were no any behavioral alterations or mortality recorded in CS treated groups. The LD50 value was more than 5000 mg/kg body weight. In the sub-chronic oral toxicity study, the animals
were orally administered with CS extract (1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/kg body weight) daily for 28 days whereas; vehicle control group received 0.5 % carboxy methyl cellulose. There was significant reduction in food intake, body weight gain and plasma lipid profiles of CS2 and CS3 (2000 and 3000 mg/kg body weight respectively) groups as compared to the control group. However, there were no alterations in haematological profile, relative organ weights, histology and plasma markers of damage of vital organs (heart, liver and kidney). The overall
finding of this study indicates that CS extract is non-toxic up to 3000 mg/kg body weight and can be considered as safe for consumption.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZNew insights of protein folding as learned from beta-sheetsFeng, YuanmingGao, ShanRuan, JishouZhang, NingZhang, Taohttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297742015-08-12T18:58:27Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: New insights of protein folding as learned from beta-sheets
Authors: Feng, Yuanming; Gao, Shan; Ruan, Jishou; Zhang, Ning; Zhang, Tao
Abstract: The folding of denatured proteins into their native conformations is called Anfinsen’s dogma, and is the rationale for predicting protein structures based on primary sequences. Through the last 40 years of study, all available algorithms which either predict 3D or 2D protein structures,
or predict the rate of protein folding based on the amino acid sequence alone, are limited
in accuracy (80 %). This fact has led some researchers to look for the lost information,
from mRNA to protein sequences, and it encourages us to rethink the rationale of Anfinsen’s dogma. In this study, we focus on the relationship between the strand and its partners. We find two rules based on a non-redundant dataset taken from the PDB database. We refer to these two rules as the “first coming first pairing” rule and the “loveless” rule. The first coming
first pairing rule indicates that a given strand prefers to pair with the next strand, if the connected region is flexible enough. The loveless rule means that the affinities between a given strand and another strand are comparable to the affinity between the given strand and its partner. Of course, the affinities between the given strand and a helix/coil peptide are significantly less than the affinity between the given strand and its partner. These two rules suggest that in protein folding, we have folding taking place during translation, and suggest also that a denatured protein is not the same as its primary sequence. Rechecking the original Anfinsen experiments, we find that the method used to denature protein in the experiment simply breaks the disulfide bonds, while the helices and sheets remain intact. In other words, denatured proteins
still retain all helices and beta sheets, while the primary sequence does not. Although further verification via biological experiments is needed, our results as shown in this study may reveal a new insight for studying protein folding.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZAnti-seizure activity of flower extracts of Nepeta bractaeta in Swiss albino miceAhmad, Mohd AftabAnsari, ShahidAslam, MohammadBhat, Jalal UddinKhanam, RaziaNizami, QudsiaParray, Shabir AhmadSiddiqui, Aishahttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297732015-08-12T19:04:37Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Anti-seizure activity of flower extracts of Nepeta bractaeta in Swiss albino mice
Authors: Ahmad, Mohd Aftab; Ansari, Shahid; Aslam, Mohammad; Bhat, Jalal Uddin; Khanam, Razia; Nizami, Qudsia; Parray, Shabir Ahmad; Siddiqui, Aisha
Abstract: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by unprovoked, recurring seizures that disrupts the nervous system and can cause mental and physical dysfunction. Based on the ethno pharmacological information of the plant, the methanolic and aqueous extracts of the flowers of Nepeta bractaeta was evaluated for its antiepileptic activity. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of the flowers of Nepeta bracteata were observed for their antiepileptic activity by
increased current Electroshock seizures (ICES) test and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test using Swiss albino mice. Both the extracts showed significant activity in ICES and PTZ induced convulsions in comparison to control. In ICES model, NBAE at higher dose showed 16.7 % and NBME at higher dose showed 33.3 % protection against seizure and in PTZ model, NBME at higher dose showed 33.3 % protection against seizure. From the experiments performed, it can be said that Nepeta bractaeta does possess anticonvulsant property.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZAmelioration of the haloperidol-induced memory impairment and brain oxidative stress by cinnarizineAbdel-Salam, Omar M.E,El-Mosallamy, Aliaa E.M.K.El-Shamarka, Marwa El-SayedSalem, Neveen A.Sleem, Amany A.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/297722015-08-12T19:04:35Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Amelioration of the haloperidol-induced memory impairment and brain oxidative stress by cinnarizine
Authors: Abdel-Salam, Omar M.E,; El-Mosallamy, Aliaa E.M.K.; El-Shamarka, Marwa El-Sayed; Salem, Neveen A.; Sleem, Amany A.
Abstract: Haloperidol is a classic antipsychotic drug known for its propensity to cause extrapyramidal symptoms and impaired memory, owing to blockade of striatal dopamine D2 receptors. Cinnarizine is a calcium channel blocker with D2 receptor blocking properties which is widely used in treatment of vertiginous disorders. The present study aimed to see whether cinnarizine would worsen the effect of haloperidol on memory function and on oxidative stress in mice
brain. Cinnarizine (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg), haloperidol, or haloperidol combined with cinnarizine was administered daily via the subcutaneous route and mice were examined on weekly basis for their ability to locate a submerged plate in the water maze test. Mice were euthanized 30 days after starting drug injection. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) were determined in brain. Haloperidol substantially impaired water
maze performance. The mean time taken to find the escape platform (latency) was significantly delayed by haloperidol (2 mg/kg, i.p.) on weeks 1-8 of the test, compared with saline control group. In contrast, those treated with haloperidol and cinnarizine showed significantly
shorter latencies, which indicated that learning had occurred immediately. Haloperidol resulted in increased MDA in cortex, striatum, cerebellum and midbrain. GSH decreased in cortex, striatum and cerebellum and nitric oxide increased in cortex. Meanwhile, treatment with cinnarizine
(20 mg/kg) and haloperidol resulted in significant decrease in MDA cortex, striatum,
cerebellum and midbrain and an increase in GSH in cortex and striatum, compared with
haloperidol group. These data suggest that cinnarizine improves the haloperidol induced brain oxidative stress and impairment of learning and memory in the water maze test in mice.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZAnalysis of carotenoid accumulation and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes in different organs of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis)Kim, Haeng HoonKim, Hye RanKim, Jae KwangKim, Yeon BokKwon, Do YeonLee, JeongyeoPark, Sang UnPark, Woo TaeTuan, Pham Anhhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297712015-08-12T18:58:26Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Analysis of carotenoid accumulation and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes in different organs of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis)
Authors: Kim, Haeng Hoon; Kim, Hye Ran; Kim, Jae Kwang; Kim, Yeon Bok; Kwon, Do Yeon; Lee, Jeongyeo; Park, Sang Un; Park, Woo Tae; Tuan, Pham Anh
Abstract: The relationship between carotenoid accumulation and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes was investigated in the flowers, stems, young leaves, old leaves, and roots of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis). Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of BrPSY, BrPDS, BrZDS, BrLCYB, BrLCYE, BrCHXB, and BrZEP leading to the production of carotenoids were highest in the flowers or the leaves and lowest in the roots of Chinese cabbage. In contrast, the mRNA expression of BrNCED, a gene involved in
abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, was highest in the roots. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed that carotenoids, namely, lutein and β-carotene, were distributed predominantly in the flowers and leaves, with very little in the underground organ, the roots. Specifically,
old leaves contained 120.3 μg/g lutein and 103.93 μg/g β-carotene, which is the most
potent dietary precursor of vitamin A. Moreover, we found a relatively large amount of cis isomers of β-carotene, namely, 9-cis β-carotene and 13-cis β-carotene, in Chinese cabbage. These results provide insight into carotenoid biosynthetic mechanisms in Chinese cabbage and may be helpful in the metabolic engineering of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZHepatoprotective activity of cinnamon ethanolic extract against CCl4-induced liver injury in ratsBazargan, MaryamEidi, AkramMortazavi, PejmanZaringalam, Jalalhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297702015-08-12T18:58:24Z2012-11-16T00:00:00ZTitle: Hepatoprotective activity of cinnamon ethanolic extract against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats
Authors: Bazargan, Maryam; Eidi, Akram; Mortazavi, Pejman; Zaringalam, Jalal
Abstract: The inner bark of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.) is commonly used as a spice and has also been widely employed in the treatment and prevention of disease. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the protective effect of cinnamon bark extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats. Administration with cinnamon extracts
(0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg) for 28 days significantly reduced the impact of CCl4 toxicity on the serum markers of liver damage, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, treatment of cinnamon extract resulted in markedly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in rats. The histopathological studies in the liver of rats also supported that cinnamon extract markedly reduced the toxicity
of CCl4 and preserved the histoarchitecture of the liver tissue to near normal. Thus, the
results suggest that cinnamon extract acts as a potent hepatoprotective agent against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats.2012-11-16T00:00:00ZExhaustive exercise and vitamins C and E modulate thyroid hormone levels at low and high altitudesAl-Ani, BahjatAl-Hashem, FahaidAlkhateeb, MahmoudKhalil, MohammadSakr, Husseinhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297652015-08-12T21:42:18Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Exhaustive exercise and vitamins C and E modulate thyroid hormone levels at low and high altitudes
Authors: Al-Ani, Bahjat; Al-Hashem, Fahaid; Alkhateeb, Mahmoud; Khalil, Mohammad; Sakr, Hussein
Abstract: Thyroid hormones play an important role in cell growth and differentiation and regulation of oxygen consumption and thermogenesis. The effect of altitude and vitamin supplementation on thyroid hormone levels in animals or humans performing acute exhaustive exercise have not been investigated before. Therefore, we thought to test whether exhaustive exerciseinduced
stress with antioxidant supplementation was capable of modulating the level of thyroid
hormones at different altitudes. Serum levels of T4 (Thyroxin), T3 (Triiodothyronine), and TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) were measured in rats (N=36) born and bred in low altitude (600 m above sea level) and high altitude (2200 m above sea level) following forced swimming with or without vitamins C and E (25 mg/kg) pre-treatments. Thyroid levels were
significantly decreased in resting rats at high altitude compared to low altitude, and swimming exercise moderately increased T3 and TSH at both high and low altitudes, whereas T4 was markedly increased (62 %) at low altitude compared to a moderate high altitude increase (28 %). Co-administration of vitamins C and E augmented the observed forced swimminginduced thyroid release. However, the conversion of T4 to T3 was reduced in both altitude areas following swimming exercise and vitamin pre-treatment had no effect. We conclude that acute stress induced thyroidal hormones in rats, which was augmented by antioxidant drugs in
both high and low altitude areas. These findings may play an important role in the human pathophysiology of thyroid gland at different altitudes.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZElectrocardiogram alterations following one-week consumption of Crocus sativus L. (saffron)Joukar, Siyavashhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297642015-08-13T02:19:44Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Electrocardiogram alterations following one-week consumption of Crocus sativus L. (saffron)
Authors: Joukar, Siyavash
Abstract: Considering the global popularity and also the various biological and medicinal properties of saffron, this study was conducted to assess the influence of its aqueous extracts administration on blood pressure, pressure-rate product (PRP) and electrocardiogram (ECG) indices of rat.
Animals were divided to control (CTL), SAF50, SAF100, and SAF200 groups that orally received tap water, aqueous extracts of saffron 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day respectively for seven days. On day 8, data were recorded. Different doses of saffron had no significant effect on blood pressure and also PRP. Higher dose (200 mg/kg) of saffron significantly increased the PR interval, P duration, QT interval (p<0.01), QRS interval, QTcn (normalized corrected QT) (p<0.001), and JT interval (p<0.05) of ECG compared to the CTL group. In addition, the two other doses only significantly prolonged
the QT, QTcn and JT intervals of ECG versus the CTL group. The SAF200 group also
showed a notable increase in RR interval which only was significant versus to the SAF50. There was no significant difference among ST height and T amplitude ranges of different groups. The results suggest that high dose of saffron definitely slows the electrical conduction velocity in both atrium and ventricle.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZBioethanol potentials of corn cob hydrolysed using cellulases of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium decumbensSaliu, Bolanle KudiratSani, Alhassanhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297632015-08-13T02:19:35Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Bioethanol potentials of corn cob hydrolysed using cellulases of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium decumbens
Authors: Saliu, Bolanle Kudirat; Sani, Alhassan
Abstract: Corn cob is a major component of agricultural and domestic waste in many parts of the world. It is composed mainly of cellulose which can be converted to energy in form of bioethanol as an efficient and effective means of waste management. Production of cellulolytic enzymes
were induced in the fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium decumbens by growing them in
mineral salt medium containing alkali pre-treated and untreated corn cobs. The cellulases were characterized and partially purified. Alkali pre-treated corn cobs were hydrolysed with the partially purified cellulases and the product of hydrolysis was fermented using the yeast saccharomyces cerevisae to ethanol. Cellulases of A. niger produced higher endoglucanase and exoglucanase activity (0.1698 IU ml-1 and 0.0461 FPU ml-1) compared to that produced
by P. decumbens (0.1111 IU ml-1 and 0.153 FPU ml-1). Alkali pre-treated corn cob hydrolysed by cellulases of A. niger yielded 7.63 mg ml-1 sugar which produced 2.67 % (v/v) ethanol on fermentation. Ethanol yield of the hydrolysates of corn cob by cellulases of P. decumbens was much lower at 0.56 % (v/v). Alkali pre-treated corn cob, hydrolysed with cellulases of A. niger
is established as suitable feedstock for bioethanol production.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZQSAR study of anti-prion activity of 2-aminothiazolesIsarankura-Na-Ayudhya, ChartchalermMandi, PrasitNantasenamat, ChaninPrachayasittikul, VirapongSrungboonmee, Kakanandhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297622015-08-12T19:04:43Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: QSAR study of anti-prion activity of 2-aminothiazoles
Authors: Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, Chartchalerm; Mandi, Prasit; Nantasenamat, Chanin; Prachayasittikul, Virapong; Srungboonmee, Kakanand
Abstract: 2-aminothiazoles is a class of compounds capable of treating life-threatening prion diseases. QSAR studies on a set of forty-seven 2-aminothiazole derivatives possessing anti-prion activity were performed using multivariate analysis, which comprised of multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM). The results indicated
that MLR afforded reasonable performance with a correlation coefficient (r) and root
mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.9073 and 0.2977, respectively, as obtained from leave-oneout cross-validation (LOO-CV). More sophisticated learning methods such as SVM provided models with the highest accuracy with r and RMSE of 0.9471 and 0.2264, respectively, while ANN gave reasonable performance with r and RMSE of 0.9023 and 0.3043, respectively, as obtained LOO-CV calculations. Descriptor analysis from the regression coefficients of the MLR model suggested that compounds should be asymmetrical molecule with low propensity
to form hydrogen bonds and high frequency of N content at topological distance 02 in order to provide good activities. Insights from QSAR studies is anticipated to be useful in the design of novel derivatives based on the 2-aminothiazole scaffold as potent therapeutic agents against
prion diseases.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZNephroprotective action of Peucedanum grande against cadmium chloride induced renal toxicity in Wistar ratsAhmad, Shiekh TanveerAsiaf, AsiaAslam, MohammadBhat, Jalal UddinDayal, RameshverJavid, KalimNafees, SanaSamim, MohammadSingh, SurenderUmar, SadiqWani, Arjumandhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297612015-08-12T19:04:41Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Nephroprotective action of Peucedanum grande against cadmium chloride induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Ahmad, Shiekh Tanveer; Asiaf, Asia; Aslam, Mohammad; Bhat, Jalal Uddin; Dayal, Rameshver; Javid, Kalim; Nafees, Sana; Samim, Mohammad; Singh, Surender; Umar, Sadiq; Wani, Arjumand
Abstract: Cadmium is a known industrial pollutant which accumulates in the kidney and its exposure leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of Peucedanum grande against CdCl2 induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats. Wistar rats were subjected to oral pretreatment of P. grande (60 and 120 mg/kg b.wt) against the renal toxicity induced by administration of CdCl2 (3mg/kg b.wt).
Efficacy of P. grande against the renal toxicity was evaluated in terms of biochemical estimation of antioxidant enzyme activities and histopathological changes. P. grande pretreatment prevented deteriorative effects induced by CdCl2 through a protective mechanism that involved
reduction of increased oxidative stress as well as by restoration of histopathological
changes against CdCl2 administration.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZOntogenetic variation of volatiles and antioxidant activity in leaves of Astragalus compactus Lam. (Fabaceae)Asnaashari, SolmazDadpour, Mohammad RezaDelazar, AbbasMovafeghi, AliNaghiloo, SomayehNazemiyeh, Hoseinhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297602015-08-12T18:58:38Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Ontogenetic variation of volatiles and antioxidant activity in leaves of Astragalus compactus Lam. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Asnaashari, Solmaz; Dadpour, Mohammad Reza; Delazar, Abbas; Movafeghi, Ali; Naghiloo, Somayeh; Nazemiyeh, Hosein
Abstract: The genus Astragalus is a rich source of a variety of biologically active compounds including phenols, saponins, polysaccharides and essential oils. The present study was conducted to determine ontogenetic variation of the volatile organic compounds as well as total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in leaves of A. compactus. The leaves of plant were harvested at
vegetative, flowering and fructification stages and were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated with the 1,1-
diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test. Different classes of volatile compounds were identified including alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons, sterols and terpenoides. Significant variation of these compounds was found during phenological stages of development. Sterols and hydrocarbons
were the main components of essential oils at the vegetative stage. The presence of
terpenoides (phytol) and alcohols (docosanol) was significant at the flowering stage. Fructification phase was characterized by the high content of sterols and hydrocarbons and absence of phytol. The antioxidant activity and phenolic content were related to the physiological stage and the highest amount detected at fructification phase. The ontogenetic variations of phenolic contents and antioxidant properties are largely contributed by climatic factors such
as temperature and solar radiation.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZLack of association between Ser413/CYS polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) and premature coronary atherosclerotic diseaseBahari, MarziehJooyan, NajmehSaffari, BabakSenemar, SaraYavarian, Majidhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297592015-08-12T18:58:36Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Lack of association between Ser413/CYS polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) and premature coronary atherosclerotic disease
Authors: Bahari, Marzieh; Jooyan, Najmeh; Saffari, Babak; Senemar, Sara; Yavarian, Majid
Abstract: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2 (PAI-2) is a serine protease inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system produced predominantly by the macrophages and monocytes. It has been demonstrated that fibrinolysis regulation has a great importance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques. Thus in the current investigation, we sought to determine whether Ser413/Cys polymorphism
(rs6104) of PAI-2 gene could be associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular
risk factors. Ser413/Cys polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP technique using Mwo I
restriction enzyme for 184 men under 50 years of age and 216 women less than 55 years of age who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography. Data on the history of familial myocardial infarction or other heart diseases, hypertension, and smoking habit were collected by a simple questionnaire. Fasting levels of blood sugar, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also measured by enzymatic methods. Frequencies of the Ser413 and Cys413 alleles were 0.760 and 0.240 in the whole population, respectively. The PAI-2 gene variant analyzed was not significantly associated
with either the prevalence of premature CAD or the classical risk factors of CAD development such as diabetes, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, hypertension, familial history of heart dysfunction
or smoking.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZChemical compositions and antibacterial activity of the leaf and stem oils of Piper porphyrophyllum (Lindl). N.E. Br.Ahmad, FarediahSalleh, Wan MohdSirat, Hasnah MohdYen, Khong Henghttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297582015-08-12T18:56:28Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Chemical compositions and antibacterial activity of the leaf and stem oils of Piper porphyrophyllum (Lindl). N.E. Br.
Authors: Ahmad, Farediah; Salleh, Wan Mohd; Sirat, Hasnah Mohd; Yen, Khong Heng
Abstract: The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the fresh leaf and stem of Piper porphyrophyllum N.E. Br. were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty four constituents were identi-fied in the leaf oil, while thirty eight constituents were identified in the stems oil. The most abundant components in the leaf oil included bicyclogermacrene (14.7 %), α-copaene (13.2 %) and β-phellandrene (9.5 %) while sabinene (15.5 %), bicyclogermacrene (12.3 %) and α-copaene (8.1 %) were the main constituents in the stem oil. The evaluation of antibacterial activity by using microdilution method revealed that both oils were moderately active against all the Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range 125-1000 μg/ml.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZSurgical treatment for benign biliary stricturesCui, NaiqiangCui, YunfengLi, ZhonglianZhang, Hongtaohttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297572015-08-12T18:56:30Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Surgical treatment for benign biliary strictures
Authors: Cui, Naiqiang; Cui, Yunfeng; Li, Zhonglian; Zhang, Hongtao
Abstract: Objectives: In order to describe treatment options for postoperative benign biliary strictures and find a proper approach for treatment, we describe the presentation and management of postoperative biliary stricture in 64 patients.
Methods: Demographical and clinical data from 64 patients undergoing surgical reconstructions by retrospective methods during the past 6 years were analyzed. Clinical features of Grade I and II group versus Grade III and IV group and bile duct plasty versus biliojejunostomy were compared.
Results: Of the 64 patients, 21 received bile duct plasty and the other 43 underwent biliojejunostomy. Patients with bigger bile duct dilatation had better outcomes than those with smaller one, P=0.0372. Hepaticojejunostomy was correlated to better outcomes than other surgical procedures, P=0.0483. Bile duct plasty was related to Bismuth classification Type I, P=0.0001. But biliojejunostomy was related to Bismuth classification Type II, P=0.0001 and
Type III, P=0.0059. Patients with bigger bile duct dilatation had more biliojejunostomy than those with smaller one, P=0.0001.
Conclusion: Both biliojejunostomy and bile duct plasty had good treatment outcomes. Bile
duct plasty should be confined to patients with a degree of bile duct dilatation less than 1.5 cm and Bismuth classification (Type I). The degree of dilatation, hepaticojejunostomy and postoperative
morbidity were factors statistically correlated to long term outcomes.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZBidirectional effects of serum TNF alpha level and spinal P38MAPK phosphorylation on hyperalgesia variation during CFA-induced arthritisAkthari, ZeinabEidi, AkramManaheji, HomaTekieh, ElahehZaringhalam, Jalalhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/297562015-08-12T21:42:16Z2012-11-15T00:00:00ZTitle: Bidirectional effects of serum TNF alpha level and spinal P38MAPK phosphorylation on hyperalgesia variation during CFA-induced arthritis
Authors: Akthari, Zeinab; Eidi, Akram; Manaheji, Homa; Tekieh, Elaheh; Zaringhalam, Jalal
Abstract: Regarding the role of TNFα in the induction of hyperalgesia, the dual suggested roles of the Pp38 MAPK intracellular pathway in the emergence of symptomatic inflammation, we aimed to investigate the bidirectional effects of serum TNFα level and p38 MAPK phosphorylation on hyperalgesia variation during different stages of adjuvant-induced arthritis. Hyperalgesia and edema were assessed at 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of study after arthritis induction by CFA.
Anti-TNFα and Pp38 inhibitor were administered during the 21 days of study. Receptor and intra-cellular enzyme expression were detected by western blotting. Anti-TNFα administration
in the AA group decreased paw volume and hyperalgesia until the 14th day of study; on
the 21st day, those symptoms increased. Daily administration of anti-TNFα antibody caused significant decrease in spinal mOR protein and Pp38/p38 MAPK enzyme level expression on the 14th and 21st days compared to the AA control group. Our data suggested that phosphorylation of spinal p38 MAPK enzyme played an important role in bidirectional effects of serum TNFα on inflammatory symptoms via spinal mOR expression variation.2012-11-15T00:00:00ZPrevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among uropathogens in south Mumbai and its antibiogram patternAruna, K.Mobashshera, T.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296872015-08-12T19:26:29Z2012-10-12T00:00:00ZTitle: Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among uropathogens in south Mumbai and its antibiogram pattern
Authors: Aruna, K.; Mobashshera, T.
Abstract: β-lactams are the most widely used group of antimicrobials. However, increasing resistance to these valuable drugs in uropathogens, mediated principally by β-lactamases, has become a major concern. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producers in clinical isolates of urine specimens, collected
from various healthcare centres across south Mumbai. A total of 195 gram negative urine isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13), Proteus mirabilis (21), Klebsiella pneumoniae (29), Escherichia coli (96), Enterobacter aerogenes (1), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Enterococcus fecalis (1), Morganella morganii (1), Citrobacter diversus (16), Citrobacter
amalonaticus (5) and Proteus vulgaris (11). Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) by
Kirby-Bauer method showed 43.07 % (84/195) of the isolates were resistant to more than
70 % of the antibiotics used. Confirmatory screening using a combination of Double Disk
Synergy Test (DDST), Phenotypic Confirmatory Disc Diffusion Test (PCDDT) and E-test
revealed the overall prevalence of ESBL producers to be 34.71 % (68/195). The study showed 72.05 % of the ESBL producers to be resistant to fluoroquinolones, highlighting its extensive use in the region of south Mumbai. All ESBL producers were found to be sensitive to Imipenem whereas 82.36 % showed susceptibility to Amikacin making these 2 antibiotics the most effective choice of drug against ESBLs. In order to ensure rational treatment of highly resistant pathogens, the occurrence of ESBL and its primary studies may serve as a base for
further research and findings.2012-10-12T00:00:00ZThe effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl on pregnant miceAsgari, AzamJafarzadeh, LobatRafieian-Kopaei, MahmoudSamani, Roya Ansarihttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296862015-08-12T19:24:47Z2012-10-12T00:00:00ZTitle: The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl on pregnant mice
Authors: Asgari, Azam; Jafarzadeh, Lobat; Rafieian-Kopaei, Mahmoud; Samani, Roya Ansari
Abstract: Objectives: Stachys lavandulifolia is commonly used for many health problems including anxiety. A couple of reports indicate that this plant might have an abortifacient effect on pregnant women. Here we examined this effect on pregnant mice.
Materials and methods: Incremental doses of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg of the extracts
or normal saline (control group) were injected intraperitoneally to the pregnant mice between 7th to 12th days of pregnancy. On day 16, uterine tubes were resected and absorbed fetuses were counted.
Results: Our study showed that the different average of absorbed fetuses between treated and control groups is significant (P < 0.05). S. lavandulifolia changes the activity level of hypothalamus-pituitary gland-gonad axis due to flavonoid compounds. Also, S. lavandulifolia decreases
progesterone concentration resulting in a significant difference between treated and
control groups (P < 0.05) and gives rise to failure in fetus survival and consequently, abortion. The length and weight of fetuses decreased in treated groups and there was a significant difference between treated and control groups (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Owing to the possible abortive effect of Stachys lavandulifolia, it is highly recommended to use it cautiously during pregnancy.2012-10-12T00:00:00ZA novel hybrid method of β-turn identification in protein using binary logistic regression and neural networkAbdolmaleki, ParvizAsghari, Mehdi PoursheikhaliHayatshahi, Sayyed Hamed Sadathttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296852015-08-12T19:24:45Z2012-10-12T00:00:00ZTitle: A novel hybrid method of β-turn identification in protein using binary logistic regression and neural network
Authors: Abdolmaleki, Parviz; Asghari, Mehdi Poursheikhali; Hayatshahi, Sayyed Hamed Sadat
Abstract: From both the structural and functional points of view, β-turns play important biological roles in proteins. In the present study, a novel two-stage hybrid procedure has been developed to identify β-turns in proteins. Binary logistic regression was initially used for the first time to
select significant sequence parameters in identification of β-turns due to a re-substitution test procedure. Sequence parameters were consisted of 80 amino acid positional occurrences and 20 amino acid percentages in sequence. Among these parameters, the most significant ones
which were selected by binary logistic regression model, were percentages of Gly, Ser and the occurrence of Asn in position i+2, respectively, in sequence. These significant parameters have the highest effect on the constitution of a β-turn sequence. A neural network model was
then constructed and fed by the parameters selected by binary logistic regression to build a hybrid predictor. The networks have been trained and tested on a non-homologous dataset of 565 protein chains. With applying a nine fold cross-validation test on the dataset, the network reached an overall accuracy (Qtotal) of 74, which is comparable with results of the other β-turn
prediction methods. In conclusion, this study proves that the parameter selection ability of binary logistic regression together with the prediction capability of neural networks lead to the development of more precise models for identifying β-turns in proteins.2012-10-12T00:00:00ZSynthesis, spectroscopic characterization, in-vitro antibacterial and antiproliferative activities of some metal(II) complexes of 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one Schiff baseOsowole, Aderoju Amokehttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296842015-08-13T01:30:20Z2012-10-12T00:00:00ZTitle: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, in-vitro antibacterial and antiproliferative activities of some metal(II) complexes of 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one Schiff base
Authors: Osowole, Aderoju Amoke
Abstract: The Schiff base, 3-hydroxy-4-{[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]imino}-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, and its Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Pd(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, conductance, 1H NMR, infrared and electronic spectral measurements. The ligand exists in the ketoimine form in chloroform, and in the enolimine form in the solid state, as shown by 1H NMR and IR spectroscopies. The ligand coordinates to the metal ions in the ratio 1:1, using NO chromophores forming complexes of the type [MLNO3]H2O, with the exception of the Zn(II) and Pd(II) complexes. Electronic measurements are indicative of a four coordinate square-planar geometry for all the complexes, except for the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes which assume a tetrahedral geometry. None is an electrolyte in nitromethane. The ligand and the metal complexes are air–stable, but decomposed
on heating at 120 °C and in the range 150-156 °C respectively. The antibacterial studies reveal that the Co(II) and the Cu(II) complexes exhibit broad-spectrum activity against Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with inhibitory zones range of 14.0-22.0 and 13.0-25.0 mm respectively. The antiproliferative studies show that the Zn(II) complex has the best in-vitro anticancer activity against both HT-29 (colon) carcinoma and MCF-7 (human breast) adenocarcinoma with IC50 values of 6.46 μm and 3.19 μm, which exceeds the activity of Cis-platin by 8 % and 63 % respectively.2012-10-12T00:00:00ZSaffron (Crocus sativus L.) extract prevents and improves D-galactose and NaNO2 induced memory impairment in miceAnvari, M.Dashti-ra, M.H.Hosseini, S.M.Zeinalib, F.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296832015-08-13T01:30:16Z2012-10-12T00:00:00ZTitle: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) extract prevents and improves D-galactose and NaNO2 induced memory impairment in mice
Authors: Anvari, M.; Dashti-ra, M.H.; Hosseini, S.M.; Zeinalib, F.
Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effects of saffron extract on preventing D-galactose and NaNO2 induced memory impairment and improving learning and memory deficits in amnestic mice. In this study, the learning and memory functions in ovariectomized mice were examined by the one way passive and active avoidance tests. In active avoidance test, training in amnestic treated (AT) and amnestic prophylaxis (AP) groups, was improved so that there was a significant difference between them and the amnestic control (AC) group. In passive
avoidance test, animal’s step through latency, as an index for learning, in all test groups was significantly greater than control group. Total time spent in dark room (DS), which opposes the memory retention ability, in AC was significantly greater than AT group at 1 and 2 hours after full training, while there was not any significant difference between this index in AP and AT as compared with normal control (NC) group. Our findings indicate that saffron hydroalcoholic extract prevents and improves amnesia induced by D-galactose and NaNO2 in mice.2012-10-12T00:00:00ZHypocholesterolemic effect of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Sansevieria senegambica Baker on plasma lipid profile and atherogenic indices of rats fed egg yolk supplemented dietIkewuchi, Catherine Chidinmahttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296822015-08-12T19:31:11Z2012-10-12T00:00:00ZTitle: Hypocholesterolemic effect of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Sansevieria senegambica Baker on plasma lipid profile and atherogenic indices of rats fed egg yolk supplemented diet
Authors: Ikewuchi, Catherine Chidinma
Abstract: The effects of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Sansevieria senegambica on daily weight gain, lipid profile and atherogenic indices of rats fed egg yolk supplemented diet was studied. The control group was given normal feed while the other three groups received 50 g egg yolk/kg feed. The extract was orally administered daily at 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight; while the test control and control groups received appropriate volumes of water by the same
route. On gas chromatographic analysis of the aqueous crude extract, the phytosterol and tannins fractions contained 100 % of β-sitosterol and tannic acid respectively. The mean daily weight gain of the test control group was higher though not significantly, than those of the other groups. The plasma total cholesterol levels, cardiac risk ratio and atherogenic coefficient of the test control group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the test groups, but
not significantly higher than that of the control group. The plasma low density lipoprotein and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of the test control group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of the control and test groups. The plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol of the test control group was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of the control group, but not significantly lower than those of the test groups. There were no significant differences in the plasma triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and the atherogenic index of plasma of all the groups. These results indicate a dose-dependent hypocholesterolemic
effect of the extract, thus suggesting a likely protective role of the extract
against the development of cardiovascular diseases. It also revealed the presence of pharmacologically active agents in the leaves.2012-10-12T00:00:00ZAmeliorative effect of black tea on nicotine induced cardiovascular pathogenesis in ratGholamhoseinian, AhmadJoukar, FarzinJoukar, SiyavashNajafipour, HamidShahouzehi, Beydolahhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296812015-08-12T19:24:19Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Ameliorative effect of black tea on nicotine induced cardiovascular pathogenesis in rat
Authors: Gholamhoseinian, Ahmad; Joukar, Farzin; Joukar, Siyavash; Najafipour, Hamid; Shahouzehi, Beydolah
Abstract: Regarding the role of nicotine in the development of cardiovascular complications of smoking, we investigated whether black tea has a modulatory effect on cardiovascular pathogenesis of nicotine in rat. Animals were randomized to control, tea, nicotine and tea plus nicotine
groups. Test groups received black tea brewed (adding 400 ml boiling water to 10 g Lipton black tea for 5 min) orally alone or with nicotine 2 mg/kg/day, s.c. separately or combined for four weeks. On 28th day, lipids profile of blood and also malondialdehyde (MDA) level, glutathione
peroxidase (GPx) activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of heart tissue were measured. Nicotine administration caused a significant increase in total cholesterol, TG and HDL-C and also atherogenic index of plasma (log TG/HDL-C). Moreover, nicotine increased MDA level of heart. Black tea alone increased the antioxidant capacity of heart tissue without
significant effect on lipid profile and MDA levels. Concomitant use of black tea and nicotine significantly attenuated the hyperlipidemic and atherogenic effects of nicotine but was unable to attenuate the MDA. Our findings suggest that black tea consumption reduces hyperlipidemia
and atherogenesis as two cardiovascular risk factors and complications of nicotine, in rat. If these results can be extrapolated to human, smokers who daily drink black tea may be less at risk of cardiovascular disease.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZAlteration of plasma biochemical, haematological and ocular oxidative indices of alloxan induced diabetic rats by aqueous extract of Tridax procumbens Linn (Asteraceae)Ikewuchi, Jude Chigoziehttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296802015-08-12T19:24:16Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Alteration of plasma biochemical, haematological and ocular oxidative indices of alloxan induced diabetic rats by aqueous extract of Tridax procumbens Linn (Asteraceae)
Authors: Ikewuchi, Jude Chigozie
Abstract: In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of the leaves of Tridax procumbens on the haematology, plasma biochemistry and ocular indices of oxidative stress was investigated in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection of alloxan (80 mg/kg body weight), via the tail vein. The extract was administered orally at 100, 200 and
300 mg/kg (both to normal and diabetic rats), and metformin at 50 mg/kg. On gas chromatographic analysis of the alkaloid fraction of the aqueous extract, thirty nine known alkaloids were detected, consisting mainly of 73.91 % akuamidine, 22.33 % voacangine, 1.27 % echitamine, 0.55 % echitamidine, 0.36 % lupanine, 0.27 % crinamidine, 0.23 % augustamine and
0.10 % 6-hydroxypowelline. Tannic acid and β-sitosterol were detected in high quantities.
Compared to Test control, the treatment dose-dependently, significantly lowered (P<0.05)
plasma glucose, triglyceride, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total bilirubin, urea, blood urea nitrogen; plasma alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate transaminases, and ocular superoxide dismutase activities, and lymphocyte count. It also significantly increased (P<0.05) plasma calcium and ocular ascorbic acid contents, haemoglobin concentration and
neutrophil count. This study showed that the extract was hypoglycemic, positively affected
the haemopoietic system and integrity and function (dose dependently) of the liver and kidney of the diabetic rats; improved the lipid profile and had no deleterious effect on red cell morphology and protected against oxidative stress in ocular tissues. This study also revealed the presence of pharmacologically active compounds in the leaf extract. All of these, highlight the
cardioprotective potential of the leaves of Tridax procumbens, and support its use in traditional health care practices for the management of diabetes mellitus.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZEffect of intercostal stretch on pulmonary function parameters among healthy malesAziz, Ku Badlisyah KuDas, SrijitJagannathan, Madhana GopalKamaruddin, KamariaLeonard, Joseph H.Mohan, Vikramhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296792015-08-12T19:24:15Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Effect of intercostal stretch on pulmonary function parameters among healthy males
Authors: Aziz, Ku Badlisyah Ku; Das, Srijit; Jagannathan, Madhana Gopal; Kamaruddin, Kamaria; Leonard, Joseph H.; Mohan, Vikram
Abstract: The use of manual stretching procedures has become more prevalent in cardiorespiratory
physiotherapy to improve pulmonary functions. However, limited evidence exists regarding evaluation of their effectiveness. The study aimed to determine the impact of Intercostal (IC) stretch in improving the dynamic pulmonary function parameters (Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC % and respiratory rate among healthy adults. Thirty healthy male subjects were recruited based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria. Subjects were assigned to the experimental group and the control group through random sampling method. In the experimental group, subjects underwent IC stretch for ten breaths on the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle with breathing control exercises in semi recumbent position, while in the control group, breathing control exercises alone
were performed in the semi recumbent position. The results of the study showed,
FEV1/FVC % in the experimental group significantly improved with P=0.017 (p<0.05) than the control group, which means IC stretch increased lung volume and lead to improved lung function. This study suggested the IC stretching with breathing control may be more effective in improving dynamic lung parameters especially FEV1/FVC % than breathing control alone.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZEffect of methanolic extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves on neointimal foam cell infiltration in rabbits fed with high cholesterol dietAl-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.Amran, Adel A.Das, SrijitNordin, Nor-Anita M.M.Othman, FaizahRaj, SanthanaZakaria, Zaitonhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296782015-08-12T19:24:13Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Effect of methanolic extract of Piper sarmentosum leaves on neointimal foam cell infiltration in rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet
Authors: Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.; Amran, Adel A.; Das, Srijit; Nordin, Nor-Anita M.M.; Othman, Faizah; Raj, Santhana; Zakaria, Zaiton
Abstract: Previous research has shown the beneficial effects of aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (P.s) on atherosclerosis. The first stage in atherosclerosis is the formation of foam cell. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the methanol extract of P.s on fatty streaks
by calculating neointimal foam cell infiltration in rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet. Thirty six male New Zealand white rabbits were divided equally into six groups: (i) C: control group
fed normal rabbit chow; (ii) CH: cholesterol diet (1 % cholesterol); (iii) PM1: 1 % cholesterol with methanol extract of P.s (62.5 mg/kg); (iv) PM2: 1 % cholesterol with methanol extract of P.s (125 mg/kg); (v) PM3: 1 % cholesterol with methanol extract of P.s (250 mg/kg); (vi) SMV group fed 1 % cholesterol supplemented with Simvistatin drug (1.2 mg/kg). All animals were treated for 10 weeks. At the end of the treatment, the rabbits were fasted and sacrificed
and the aortic tissues were collected for histological studies to measure the area of the neointimal foam cell infiltration using software. The thickening of intima ratio of atherosclerosis and morphological changes by scanning electron microscope were measured. The results showed that the atherosclerotic group had significantly bigger area of fatty streak compared to the control group. The area of fatty streak in the abdominal aorta was significantly reduced in the treatment groups which were similar with the SMV group. Similarly, there was a reduction in the number of foam cell in the treatment groups compared to the atherosclerotic group
as seen under scanning microscope. In conclusion, histological study demonstrated that the methanol extract of the P.s could reduce the neointimal foam cell infiltration in the lumen of the aorta and the atherosclerotic lesion.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZHyperoxic preconditioning fails to confer additional protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in acute diabetic rat heartAkbari, ZahraAkbarzadeh, SamadAlizadeh, AlimohammadEsmaili Dehaj, MansourHajizadeh, SohrabPourkhalili, Khalilhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296772015-08-13T01:23:07Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Hyperoxic preconditioning fails to confer additional protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in acute diabetic rat heart
Authors: Akbari, Zahra; Akbarzadeh, Samad; Alizadeh, Alimohammad; Esmaili Dehaj, Mansour; Hajizadeh, Sohrab; Pourkhalili, Khalil
Abstract: Experimental studies show that detrimental effects of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can be attenuated by hyperoxic preconditioning in normal hearts, however, there are few studies about hyperoxia effects in diseased myocardium. The present study was designed to assess the
cardioprotective effects of hyperoxia pretreatment (≥ 95 % O2) in acute diabetic rat hearts. Normal and one week acute diabetic rats were either exposed to 60 (H60) and 180 (H180) min of hyperoxia or exposed to normal atmospheric air (21 % O2). Then hearts were isolated immediately and subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion.
Infarct size, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, enzymes release and ischemia induced arrhythmias were determined. Heart of diabetic control rats had less infarct size and decreased LDH and CK-MB release compared to normal hearts. 60 and 180 min of hyperoxia reduced myocardial infarct size and enzymes release in normal hearts. 180 min of hyperoxia also decreased cardiomyocytes apoptosis in normal state. On the other hand, protective values of hyperoxia were not significantly different in diabetic hearts. Moreover, hyperoxia reduced severity of ventricular arrhythmias in normal rat hearts whereas; it did not confer any additional antiarrhythmic
protection in diabetic hearts. These findings suggest that diabetic hearts are less susceptible to ischemia-induced arrhythmias and infarction. Hyperoxia greatly protects rat hearts against I/R injury in normal hearts, however, it could not provide added cardioprotective
effects in acute phase of diabetes.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZAmelioration of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats by standardized Feronia limonia. Linn leaf extractsDevkar, Ranjitsinh V.Jadeja, Ravirajsinh N.Jain, MahendraKapadia, RakheeMishra, S.H.Thounaojam, Menaka C.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296762015-08-12T19:24:11Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Amelioration of carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats by standardized Feronia limonia. Linn leaf extracts
Authors: Devkar, Ranjitsinh V.; Jadeja, Ravirajsinh N.; Jain, Mahendra; Kapadia, Rakhee; Mishra, S.H.; Thounaojam, Menaka C.
Abstract: The hepatoprotective potential of standardized Feronia limonia (Family, Rutaceae) methanolic extract (FL-7) and chloroform soluble fraction (FL-9) were assessed against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Rats treated with CCl4 recorded significant elevation in plasma markers of hepatic injury, alteration in hepatic antioxidant status and histopathological damages. However, rats pretreated with FL-7 (200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.) and FL-9 (100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 days and later administered CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg, i.p.) recorded lowered indices of the above mentioned parameters and minimal histological damage in a dose dependent manner. These results were comparable to that of CCl4+silymarin treated rats. The results obtained with FL-7 and FL-9 are attributable to their free radical scavenging potential due to high contents of polyphenols and flavonols recorded herein. Overall, this study establishes the efficacy of FL-7 and FL-9 as hepatoprotective agents against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZClinical characteristics and long term post-operative outcome of cardiac myxomaLi, JiayueWang, KeWu, XingliYang, DingyouYang, ZhongsuZhang, RanZhao, Yushenghttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296752015-08-13T01:23:05Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Clinical characteristics and long term post-operative outcome of cardiac myxoma
Authors: Li, Jiayue; Wang, Ke; Wu, Xingli; Yang, Dingyou; Yang, Zhongsu; Zhang, Ran; Zhao, Yusheng
Abstract: Background and aim: Myxoma is the most common type of primary cardiac neoplasm, but the clinical characteristics and long term outcome are less known in the elderly in China.
Methods: We analyzed medical records of 112 consecutive patients who underwent operative resection of cardiac myxoma between December 1988 and December 2010 in our hospital. Their data were retrospectively analyzed and the difference between two age groups (< 60 years, n = 87 and ≥ 60 years, n = 25) was compared.
Results: The mean age of 112 patients was 48.8 ± 12.5 (range 13 ~ 75) years, and 66 patients (58.9 %) were female. The interval from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 12 months and the most common presenting symptoms were chest distress (66 patients 58.9 %), followed by palpitations (55 patients, 49.1 %) and dyspnea (47 patients, 42.0 %). Mitral valve diastolic murmur was heard in 67 (59.1 %) patients. The tumor was located in the left atrium in 96 (85.8 %) patients. There were no in-hospital death. During follow-up ranged between one and twenty-one (7.3 ± 5.3) years, there was no malignancy. Myxoma recurred in 3 (2.7 %) patients and deaths occurred in 5 (4.5 %) patients. The 5 and 15 years survival was 97.8 % and 89.5 %, respectively. To compare with the younger patients, the elderly have higher ratios of concomitant hypertension, fewer complaints of dyspnea and chest distress (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The elderly have lower complaints of dyspnea and chest distress, surgical treatment is associated with low long-term mortality and recurrence rate even in the elder patients.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZProtective effect of curcumin on experimentally induced arthritic ratsDas, SrijitKamarudin, Taty AnnaMd Isa, NurismahMohd Ramli, Elvy SuhanaOthman, Faizahhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296742015-08-13T01:23:02Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Protective effect of curcumin on experimentally induced arthritic rats
Authors: Das, Srijit; Kamarudin, Taty Anna; Md Isa, Nurismah; Mohd Ramli, Elvy Suhana; Othman, Faizah
Abstract: Curcuma longa (turmeric) rhizomes contains curcumin, an active compound which possesses anti-inflammatory effects. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is an accepted experimental animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. The present study aimed to observe the histological changes in the joints of experimental arthritic rats treated with curcumin. Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley (approximately 7 weeks-old) rats were randomly divided into four groups. Three groups were immunized with 150 μg collagen. All rats with established CIA, with arthritis scores exceeding 1, were orally treated with betamethasone (0.5 mg/ml/kg body weight), curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg body weight) or olive oil (1.0 ml/kg body weight) daily, for two weeks. One remaining group was kept as normal control. Treatment with 110 mg/ml/kg curcumin showed significant mean differences in the average white blood cell (WBC) count (p<0.05), cell infiltration, bone and cartilage erosion scores (p<0.05) compared to the olive oil treated group. Pannus formation scores showed that curcumin supplementation successfully suppressed the pannus formation process that occurred in the articular cartilage of the CIA joints. The mean difference for histological scores for the curcumin group was insignificant compared to the betamethasone treated group. It is concluded that supplementation of curcumin has protective effect on the histopathological and degenerative changes in the joints of CIA rats which was at par with betamethasone.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZToxicity evaluation of crankcase oil in ratsAkintola, A.A.Akiode, S.O.Arise, R.O.Malomo, S.O.Tella, A.C.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296732015-08-12T19:24:04Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Toxicity evaluation of crankcase oil in rats
Authors: Akintola, A.A.; Akiode, S.O.; Arise, R.O.; Malomo, S.O.; Tella, A.C.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of crankcase oil on the cellular and functional integrity of rat skin. Thirty (30) rats were randomly grouped into six viz groups A–F. Group A (baseline control) received 2 ml of distilled water. 2.5 %, 5.0 %, 7.5 %, and 10.0 % v/v of the crankcase oil were prepared using unused oil as solvent and 2 ml of the concentrations were topically administered to groups C–F respectively for seven consecutive days. Group B served as positive control and received 2 ml of the unused oil. The rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the last administration, and blood and part of the skin were collected. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde level in the blood and skin samples collected were evaluated. Elemental analysis of the crankcase oil was also carried out. The result revealed high lead, iron and chromium levels. Blood lead concentration of rats was significantly (P<0.05) high after seven days of administration. ALP level in skin and serum increased significantly (P<0.05) with the concentration of crankcase oil. There was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in skin ACP activity while it increased significantly (P<0.05) in the serum. Similar results were observed in the SOD levels of the serum and the skin. The level increased significantly (P<0.05) in groups D–F when compared with controls. The MDA concentration of both serum and skin were significantly (P<0.05) elevated. This suggests toxic potential of used lubricating oil and its potential predisposition to cancer.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZBiological activities of extracts from cultivated Granadilla Passiflora alataČomić, Ljiljana R.Ličina, Braho Z.Radojević, Ivana D.Stefanović, Olgica D.Vasić, Sava M.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296722015-08-12T19:24:02Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Biological activities of extracts from cultivated Granadilla Passiflora alata
Authors: Čomić, Ljiljana R.; Ličina, Braho Z.; Radojević, Ivana D.; Stefanović, Olgica D.; Vasić, Sava M.
Abstract: Research conducted in this study showed the influence of ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of the outgrowth of cultivated Passiflora alata on microorganisms, as well as the antioxidant activity and the concentrations of total phenols, flavonoids and tannins. In vitro antimicrobial activities of extracts were studied on 27 species of microorganisms, of which 17 species of bacteria and 10 species of fungi. The strongest antimicrobial activity was detected on G+ bacteria while the activities on other species were moderate. Ethyl acetate extract showed the strongest effect. The concentrations of total phenols were examined by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the obtained values ranged from 14.04 to 34.22 mg GA/g. By using aluminium chloride method, the concentrations of flavonoids were obtained and the values ranged from 33.19 to 62.30 mg RU/g. In determining the amount of tannins we used the method with buthanol-HCl reagent and the obtained value was 5.1 % of dry matter. The efficiency of antioxidation, which we identified through the reduction of DPPH, was in the range from 808.69 to 1107.79 μg/ml for a particular IC50, and AAI values were between 0.07 and 0.10. The best parameters were shown by ethanol extract. All data were statistically analyzed. Overall, extracts showed potential for further investigation and use.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZThe role of protein kinase C in ischemic tolerance induced by hyperoxia in rats with strokeAlavian, FiroozehBigdeli, Mohammad RezaHajizadeh, SohrabJavan1, Mohammadhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296712015-08-12T19:24:00Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: The role of protein kinase C in ischemic tolerance induced by hyperoxia in rats with stroke
Authors: Alavian, Firoozeh; Bigdeli, Mohammad Reza; Hajizadeh, Sohrab; Javan1, Mohammad
Abstract: Recent studies suggest that normobaric hyperoxia (HO) protects the rat brain from ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a key signaling molecule involved in protection against IR injury but its role in protective effect of HO in brain injury in unknown. In this study we attempted to see if PKC is involved in the effect of HO. Rats were divided into four main experimental groups. The first two were exposed to 95 % oxygen (HO) in a chamber 4 h/day for 6 consecutive days. Each of these groups had a control group exposed to 21 % oxygen. To investigate the role of PKC during HO, chelerythrin chloride (CHEL, 1 mg/kg/day), a PKC inhibitor, or its vehicle was given to animals for 6 days. After 24 h, the rats were subjected to 60 min of right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). After 24 h reperfusion neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, brain edema and blood–brain Barrier (BBB) permeability were assessed. HO decreased the infarct volume and brain edema in comparison with controls. PKC inhibition was associated with a significant increase in infarct size in both HO and control animals. PKC inhibition was unable to change brain edema in the experimental groups. Both HO and PKC inhibition reduced the BBB permeability within 24 h post occlusion of middle cerebral artery. Although both HO and PKC inhibition were associated with inhibition of BBB permeability during ischemic brain injury in rats, the neuroprotective effect of HO was independent of PKC in the MCAO model.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZStudies on antioxidant activity, volatile compound and fatty acid composition of different parts of Glycyrrhiza echinata L.Aktumsek, AbdurrahmanÇakmak, Yavuz SelimDuran, Ahmethttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296702015-08-13T01:23:00Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Studies on antioxidant activity, volatile compound and fatty acid composition of different parts of Glycyrrhiza echinata L.
Authors: Aktumsek, Abdurrahman; Çakmak, Yavuz Selim; Duran, Ahmet
Abstract: The essential oil compound, fatty acid composition and the in vitro antioxidant activity of the root and aerial of Glycyrrhiza echinata L., a medicinal plant growing in Turkey, have been studied. The antioxidant capacity tests were designed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of
methanol extracts. Total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of each extract were also determined by using both Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride. The aerial part was found to possess the highest total phenolic content (146.30 ± 4.58 mg GAE/g) and total antioxidant capacity (175.33 ± 3.98 mg AE/g). The essential oil from root and aerial parts was
analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) systems. The major components identified were n-hexadecanoic acid, hexahydro farnesyl acetone, α-caryophyllen, hexanal and phytol. In fatty acid profiles of plant, palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid were detected as the main components. The results of this study have shown that the extracts G. echinata are suitable as a natural antioxidant and food supplement source for pharmacological
and food industries due to their beneficial chemical composition and antioxidant capacity.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZEffects of acute and chronic psychological stress on isolated islets' insulin releaseFarrokhi, BabakRostamkhani, FatemehZahediasl, SalehZardooz, Homeirahttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296692015-08-12T19:23:58Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on isolated islets' insulin release
Authors: Farrokhi, Babak; Rostamkhani, Fatemeh; Zahediasl, Saleh; Zardooz, Homeira
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on glucosestimulated insulin secretion from isolated pancreatic islets. Male Wistar rats were divided into two control and stressed groups; each further was allocated into fed and fasted groups. Stress was induced by communication box for one (acute), fifteen and thirty (chronic) days. After islet isolation, their number, size and insulin output were assessed. Plasma corticosterone level was determined. In fasted animals, acute stress increased basal and post stress plasma corticosterone level, while 30 days stress decreased it compared to day 1. In fed rats, acute stress increased only post stress plasma corticosterone concentration, however, after 15 days stress, it was decreased compared to day 1. Acute stress did not change insulin output; however, the
insulin output was higher in the fed acutely stressed rats at 8.3 and 16.7 mM glucose than
fasted ones. Chronic stress increased insulin output on day 15 in the fasted animals but decreased it on day 30 in the fed animals at 8.3 and 16.7 mM glucose. In the fasted control rats insulin output was lower than fed ones. In the chronic stressed rats insulin output at 8.3 and 16.7 mM glucose was higher in the fasted than fed rats. The number of islets increased in the
fasted rats following 15 days stress. This study indicated that the response of the isolated islets from acute and chronically stressed rats are different and depends on the feeding status.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZThe anti-infarct, antistunning and antiarrhythmic effects of oleuropein in isolated rat heartDelfan, BahramEsmailidehaj, MansourMosaddeghmehrjardi, Mohammad HosseinPourkhalili, KhalilRasulian, BahramRezvani, Mohammad Ebrahimhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296682015-08-13T01:22:58Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: The anti-infarct, antistunning and antiarrhythmic effects of oleuropein in isolated rat heart
Authors: Delfan, Bahram; Esmailidehaj, Mansour; Mosaddeghmehrjardi, Mohammad Hossein; Pourkhalili, Khalil; Rasulian, Bahram; Rezvani, Mohammad Ebrahim
Abstract: Previous studies have reported that oleuropein, the major constituent of olive leaves, has cardioprotective effects. There is no report related to oleuropein and ischemic-reperfusion injuries (cardiac dysfunction and myocardial infarction) as well as preconditioning in rat hearts.
56 male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups (n=8). Group 1 as the control group and groups 2 to 7 as the treatment groups that received a single dose of oleuropein (100 mg/kg, i.p.) 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours before the excision of the heart, respectively. After these times, their hearts were excised and subjected to 30 min regional ischemia and 120 min reperfusion under Langendorff apparatus. Electrocardiogram and intraventricular pressures were monitored and recorded throughout the procedure. Finally, infarct size was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.
Compared to the control group, oleuropein significantly reduced infarct size and reperfusion-induced cardiac dysfunction in groups 2 and 3. Oleuropein markedly attenuated both ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmias in groups 2 and 3. There was no significant difference between other groups (4 to 7) than the control group. Heart rate had no significant difference among all of the groups.
These results indicate that pretreatment of rats with a single dose of intraperitoneal oleuropein could protect their heart against ischemic-reperfusion injury for at least 3 hours. However, it has no preconditioning effect, since oleuropein had not cardioprotective effects 24 hour later.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZBeyond the joints in rheumatoid arthritisHussein, H.Mohd Shahrir, M.S.Sakthiswary, R.Shahril, N.S.Syahrul Sazliyana, S.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296672015-08-13T01:22:56Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Beyond the joints in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hussein, H.; Mohd Shahrir, M.S.; Sakthiswary, R.; Shahril, N.S.; Syahrul Sazliyana, S.
Abstract: Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a multifunctional cytokine which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Apart from its well recognized pro-inflammatory properties, it is known to interfere with lipid metabolism and erythropoiesis.
Materials and Methods: We evaluated the effects of adalimumab on hematologic, lipid and inflammatory parameters using data from patients on adalimumab 40 mg fortnightly from 2 centers in Malaysia. Mean changes in laboratory values from baseline to Weeks 4, 12 and 24 were compared using paired T test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results: We studied 18 patients with RA who were on adalimumab 40 mg fortnightly. The inflammatory markers i.e. erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein showed significant changes as early as at week 4 compared to baseline with p values of 0.003 and 0.005, respectively. From a baseline of high disease activity with a mean Disease Activity Score using 28 joint counts (DAS 28) of 5.3, there was a steady improvement in the disease activity and remission was achieved at week 24 with a DAS 28 of 2.4. The hemoglobin level improved at week 12 (p=0.013) and this was sustained till week 24. As opposed to previous studies, the LDL level significantly decreased at week 12 (p=0.015) and this change persisted till week 24 (p=0.001). The total cholesterol showed a similar pattern as the LDL.
Conclusions: The pharmacodynamics of adalimumab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis extend beyond the joints with favorable effects on haemoglobin and lipid profile.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZNeuroprotective effect of nitric oxide donor isosorbide-dinitrate against oxidative stress induced by ethidium bromide in rat brainAbdel-Salam, Omar M.E.Khadrawy, Yasser AshryMohammed, Nadia A.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296662015-08-13T01:22:53Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Neuroprotective effect of nitric oxide donor isosorbide-dinitrate against oxidative stress induced by ethidium bromide in rat brain
Authors: Abdel-Salam, Omar M.E.; Khadrawy, Yasser Ashry; Mohammed, Nadia A.
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of systemic administration of isosorbide-dinitrate (ISDN) on oxidative stress and brain monoamines in a toxic model of brain demyelination evoked by intracerebral injection (i.c.i) of ethidium bromide (10 μl of 0.1 %). Rats received saline (control) or ISDN at 5 or 10 mg/kg for 10 days prior to injection of ethidium bromide. Rats were euthanized one day later, and then the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA), nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, paraoxonase activity as well as monoamine levels (serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline) were assessed in the brain cortex in different treatment groups. The i.c.i of ethidium bromide resulted in increased oxidative stress in the cortex one day after its injection; (i) MDA increased by 36.9 %; (ii) GSH decreased by 20.8 %, while (iii) nitric oxide increased by 60.3 %; (iv) AChE and paraoxonase activities in cortex decreased by 35.9 % and 29.4 %, respectively; (v) serotonin was significantly increased. In ethidium bromide-treated rats, pretreatment with ISDN at 10 mg/kg decreased cortical MDA by 23.9 %. Reduced glutathione was increased by 25.1 % ISDN at 10 mg/kg, while nitric oxide showed a 32.8 and 41.7 % decrease after 5 and 10 mg/kg of ISDN, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase activity increased by 24.3 % by 10 mg/kg of ISDN. Paraoxonase activity showed further decrease by 72.2 and 83.8 % after treatment with 5 and 10 mg/kg of ISDN, respectively. The administration of ISDN decreased the level of serotonin and noradrenaline compared with the ethidium bromide only treated group. Overall, the present findings suggest neuroprotective effect of ISDN against oxidative stress in this model of chemical demyelination.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZBlood pressure profile in contiuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patientsBain, Arba’iyahCader, Rizna AbdulGafor, Halim AbdulIbrahim, SurianiKong, Norella C.T.Mohd, RozitaWan Haslina, W.H.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296652015-08-13T01:22:51Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Blood pressure profile in contiuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Bain, Arba’iyah; Cader, Rizna Abdul; Gafor, Halim Abdul; Ibrahim, Suriani; Kong, Norella C.T.; Mohd, Rozita; Wan Haslina, W.H.
Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular mortality is the leading cause of death in end stage renal disease. Despite being on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), blood pressure (BP) remains poorly controlled. A higher pulse pressure and non dipping are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. We studied BP control and the prevalence of non dipping in CAPD patients.
Methods: All patients undergoing CAPD at our institution who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. We compared BP control and dipping status in diabetic and non diabetic pa-tients on CAPD. We also determined whether BP and peritoneal membrane permeability were associated.
Results: Forty six patients with a mean age 45 ± 13 years were enrolled. Diabetic patients were older (mean age 54 ± 13 vs. 40 ± 11 yrs, p <0.001), had a lower mean diastolic BP (80 ± 14 vs. 90 ± 14 mmHg, p = 0.025) and a higher mean pulse pressure (59 ± 17 vs. 49 ± 14 mmHg, p = 0.035). They were also non dippers (n = 15 vs. n = 1, p = 0.007). The low and low average transporters tended to have a higher systolic BP (p = 0.054) and a higher pulse pressure (p = 0.058). On multivariate analysis, age was the main predictor of pulse pressure.
Conclusion: Despite being on chronic maintenance PD, BP was not well controlled. Diabetic patients had a higher pulse pressure and were non dippers thereby increasing their cardiovascular risk. We should therefore optimize BP control and aim to restore the nocturnal dip in these patients.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZEffect of cranberry dietary supplements with different brands on human CYP3A4 enzymeBernichi, BouchraPrachayasittikul, SupalukPrachayasittikul, VirapongWanwimolruk, Somponhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296642015-08-13T01:22:49Z2012-10-11T00:00:00ZTitle: Effect of cranberry dietary supplements with different brands on human CYP3A4 enzyme
Authors: Bernichi, Bouchra; Prachayasittikul, Supaluk; Prachayasittikul, Virapong; Wanwimolruk, Sompon
Abstract: The use of dietary supplements has increased dramatically, making drug interactions with those supplements a major concern. Because dietary supplements are not subject to the same regulations as prescription drugs, we hypothesize that the content of their active ingredients may vary among manufacturers, potentially causing a large variation in therapeutic outcome. The current study aimed to test this hypothesis on commonly used cranberry dietary supple-ments. Activity of human CYP3A4 enzyme was used as a parameter to determine the effect of cranberry supplement from nine manufacturers. The content of a cranberry product, equivalent to one capsule, was extracted with methanol. Aliquots of the extract were tested for their ability to inhibit the metabolism of the human CYP3A4 substrate quinine, using an in vitro liver microsomal technique. Human liver microsomes and quinine were incubated with or without (i.e. as control) cranberry extract. Formation of quinine’s metabolite 3-hydroxyquinine, generated by the CYP3A4-mediated reaction was measured by a HPLC method. Of nine cranberry products tested, eight products had little or no effect but only one brand (Nature’s Herbs 600 mg) caused very strong inhibition (67.2 %) of CYP3A4. The reason for this inhibition is unknown. The effect of cranberry was varied and ranged from 4.4 % activation by Ride Aid 800 mg to 67.2% inhibition by Nature’s Herbs 600 mg. Lack of effect on human CYP3A4 activity suggests that use of cranberry dietary supplement is unlikely to cause signif-icant interactions with drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.2012-10-11T00:00:00ZDiethylene glycol poisoning and liver function following accidental diethylene glycol injectionCai, Qing-XianChong, Yu-TianGao, Zhi-LiangHuang, Zhan-LianLin, Bing-LiangLin, Chao-ShuangZhao, Zhi-Xinhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296522015-08-12T21:46:22Z2012-09-28T00:00:00ZTitle: Diethylene glycol poisoning and liver function following accidental diethylene glycol injection
Authors: Cai, Qing-Xian; Chong, Yu-Tian; Gao, Zhi-Liang; Huang, Zhan-Lian; Lin, Bing-Liang; Lin, Chao-Shuang; Zhao, Zhi-Xin
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatotoxic effects of accidental intravenous diethylene glycol (DEG) poisoning in patients with liver disease. Clinical manifestations were recorded and liver function tests were carried out for 64 patients with liver disease who had been accidentally treated intravenously with DEG. Comparisons
were made between the poisoned and non-poisoned groups. Of the 64 cases with preexisting liver disease, 15 cases (23.4 %) developed toxic presentations after exposure to DEG. All cases were men. Twelve of the 15 poisoned patients (80 %)died within seven days. The intravenous administration of DEG resulted in only mild liver function impairment. Gender (p = 0.039) and the severity of jaundice prior to DEG administration were risk factors related to the occurrence of toxin-induced renal failure (p < 0.006). The results suggest that DEG may worsen liver damage in patients with preexisting liver disease. However, our study demonstrated only mild, transient alterations in patients’ baseline
liver functions. Severe liver damage secondary to DEG was only occasionally seen in patients with concomitant renal failure.2012-09-28T00:00:00ZPrevalence of G6721T polymorphism of XRCC7 in an Iranian populationSaadat, IrajSaadat, Mostafahttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296282015-08-12T18:56:57Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Prevalence of G6721T polymorphism of XRCC7 in an Iranian population
Authors: Saadat, Iraj; Saadat, Mostafa
Abstract: Genetic polymorphism G6721T (rs.7003908) in gene encoding DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs, encoded by the XRCC7 gene) has been defined. In order to get more insight into the genetic structure of Iranian population the present study was carried out on Iranian Persian population living in Shiraz (Fars province, southwest Iran). The total study subjects consisted of 935 (195 males, 740 females) unrelated healthy individuals. Genotypes of XRCC7 G6721T were detected by PCR-RFLP based method. There was no significant difference between males and females for the XRCC7 polymorphism (χ2=1.275, df=2, P=0.529). Prevalence of the G allele was 0.473 (95 % CI: 0.441-0.505) in our sample. The study population was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the XRCC7 polymorphism (χ2=0.980, df=1, P=0.323). The allelic frequency of the G allele showed high frequency in Iranian population compared to other populations.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZIsolation, partial purification and evaluation of bioactive compounds from leaves of Ageratum houstonianumKhan, M.S.Kumar, A.Rizvi, S.M.D.Zeeshan, M.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296272015-08-12T18:56:55Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Isolation, partial purification and evaluation of bioactive compounds from leaves of Ageratum houstonianum
Authors: Khan, M.S.; Kumar, A.; Rizvi, S.M.D.; Zeeshan, M.
Abstract: The present study deals with the isolation and partial purification of bioactive compounds from the crude methanol extracts of the leaves of Ageratum houstonianum (Asteraceae). The quantification and the identification of compounds in the crude extract and active bands isolated by preparative TLC were accomplished using GC-MS analysis. The most important compounds identified in the crude extract and active bands (AB-1 and AB-2) were 6-acetyl-7-methoxy-2, 2-dimethylchromene, hexadecanoic acid and squalene, respectively. Crude extract and active bands (AB-1 and AB-2) were investigated for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The crude extract, AB-1 and AB-2 showed maximum zone of inhibition (10-13 mm) against Staphylococcus epidermidis, however, the antibacterial potential of active bands was slightly higher as compared to the crude extract. Dose-dependant increase in antioxidant potential was noticed in crude extract as well as with both active bands measured by DPPH free radicals, ion chelation and total antioxidants capacity. Our study reports various bioactive compounds in the leaves of the A. houstonianum with significant antioxidant and antibacterial potential.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZLY294002 induces differentiation and inhibits invasion of glioblastoma cells by targeting GSK-3β and MMPCui, HualeiLi, YanLu, HuiminTian, Qihttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296262015-08-12T18:57:01Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: LY294002 induces differentiation and inhibits invasion of glioblastoma cells by targeting GSK-3β and MMP
Authors: Cui, Hualei; Li, Yan; Lu, Huimin; Tian, Qi
Abstract: Glioblastomas are the most common and devastating primary tumors of the central nervous system, with high proliferative capacity, aggressive invasion, and resistance to conventional therapies. Differentiation therapy has emerged as a promising candidate modality. Here we show that the traditional phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 is capable of inducing differentiation of C6 glioblastoma cells characterized by morphological changes to astrocytic phenotype, increase in differentiation marker protein glial fibrillary acidic pro-tein and inhibition of proliferation. Small interfering RNA against glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) suppresses the induced-differentiation and invasiveness in C6 cells. LY294002 also inhibits MMP-9 expression and invasion of C6 cells, assembling the role of metalloprotease (MMP) inhibitor AG3340. Taken together, these findings suggest differentiation-inducing and invasion-inhibitory effectiveness of LY294002 in glioblastomas, most likely involving inhibition of GSK-3β and MMP respectively.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZGreat horsetail (Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.)Čomić, Ljiljana R.Ostojić, Marina Aleksandar М.Radojević, Ivana D.Stanković, Milan S.Stefanović, Olgica D.Topuzović, Marina D.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296252015-08-12T18:57:03Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Great horsetail (Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.)
Authors: Čomić, Ljiljana R.; Ostojić, Marina Aleksandar М.; Radojević, Ivana D.; Stanković, Milan S.; Stefanović, Olgica D.; Topuzović, Marina D.
Abstract: This paper deals with the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, total phenolic content and concentrations of flavonoids of Equisetum telmateia extracts. Total phenolic content was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and it ranged between 129.0 to 262.7 mg GA/g. The concentration of flavonoids in various extracts of E. telmateia was determined using spectrophotometric method with aluminum chloride and obtained results varied from 112.6 to 199.8 mg RU/g. Antioxidant activity was monitored spectrophotometrically and expressed in terms of IC50 (μg/ml), and its values ranged from 33.4 to 982.2 μg/ml. The highest phenolic content, concentrations of flavonoids and capacity to neutralize DPPH radicals were found in the acetone extract. In vitro antimicrobial activity was determined using microdilution method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) were also determined. Testing was performed on 22 microorganisms, including 15 strains of bacteria (standard and clinical strains) and 7 species of fungi. There were statistically significant differences in activity between the extracts of E. telmateia. Different effects were noticed against the bacteria and the methanol extract appeared to be most efficient. All the extracts showed significant antibacterial activity against G+ bacteria and weak to moderate activity against other microorganisms.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZEffects of Cannabis sativa extract on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and oxidative stress in the miceAbdel-Salam, Omar M.E.El-Din M. Gaafar, AlaaEl Sayed El-Shamarka, MarawaSalem, Neveen A.http://hdl.handle.net/2003/296242015-08-13T01:19:42Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Effects of Cannabis sativa extract on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and oxidative stress in the mice
Authors: Abdel-Salam, Omar M.E.; El-Din M. Gaafar, Alaa; El Sayed El-Shamarka, Marawa; Salem, Neveen A.
Abstract: Haloperidol is a classic antipsychotic drug known for its propensity to cause extrapyramidal symptoms due to blockade of dopamine D2 receptors in the striatum. Interest in medicinal uses of cannabis is growing. Cannabis sativa has been suggested as a possible adjunctive in treatment of Parkinson's disease. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of repeated administration of an extract of Cannabis sativa on catalepsy and brain oxidative stress induced by haloperidol administration in mice. Cannabis extract was given by subcutaneous route at 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg (expressed as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) once daily for 18 days and the effect on haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced catalepsy was examined at selected time intervals using the bar test. Mice were euthanized 18 days after starting cannabis injection when biochemical assays were carried out. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (the concentrations of nitrite/nitrate) were determined in brain and liver. In saline-treated mice, no catalepsy was observed at doses of cannabis up to 20 mg/kg. Mice treated with haloperidol at the dose of 1 mg/kg, exhibited significant cataleptic response. Mice treated with cannabis and haloperidol showed significant decrease in catalepsy duration, compared with the haloperidol only treated group. This decrease in catalepsy duration was evident on days 1-12 after starting cannabis injection. Later the effect of cannabis was not ap-parent. The administration of only cannabis (10 or 20 mg/kg) decreased brain MDA by 17.5 and 21.8 %, respectively. The level of nitric oxide decreased by 18 % after cannabis at 20 mg/kg. Glucose in brain decreased by 20.1 % after 20 mg/kg of cannabis extract. The administration of only haloperidol increased MDA (22.2 %), decreased GSH (25.7 %) and increased brain nitric oxide by 44.1 %. The administration of cannabis (10 or 20 mg/kg) to haloperidol-treated mice resulted in a significant decrease in brain MDA and nitric oxide as well as a significant increase in GSH and glucose compared with the haloperidol-control group. Cannabis had no significant effects on liver MDA, GSH, nitric oxide in saline or haloperidol-treated mice. It is concluded that cannabis improves catalepsy induced by haloperidol though the effect is not maintained on repeated cannabis administration. Cannabis alters the oxidative status of the brain in favor of reducing lipid peroxidation, but reduces brain glucose, which would impair brain energetics.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZAnti-inflammatory effect of ondansetron through 5-HT3 receptors on TNBS-induced colitis in ratMahzuni, ParvinMinaiyan, MohsenMotavallian-Naeini, AzadehRabbani, Mohammadhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296232015-08-12T18:57:07Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Anti-inflammatory effect of ondansetron through 5-HT3 receptors on TNBS-induced colitis in rat
Authors: Mahzuni, Parvin; Minaiyan, Mohsen; Motavallian-Naeini, Azadeh; Rabbani, Mohammad
Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestinal tract whose etiology has not yet been fully elucidated. Available medicines for treatment of IBD are not universally effective and result in marked deleterious effects. This challenge has thus height-ened the need for research in order to adopt new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of IBD. 5-HT3 receptor antagonists have shown analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Our aim was to investigate the effect of ondansetron, 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in an immune-based animal model of IBD, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced rat colitis and probable involvement of 5-HT3 receptors.
Two hours after induction of colitis (instillation of 50 mg/kg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 ml of ethanol 50 % v/v) to male Wistar rats, ondansetron (2 mg/kg), dexamethasone (1 mg/kg), meta-chlorophenylbiguanide (mCPBG, 5 mg/kg), a 5-HT3 receptor agonist, or ondansetron + mCPBG were administrated intraperitoneally (ip) and continued daily for six days. The animals were sac-rificed and distal colons were assessed macroscopically, histologically and biochemically [myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta].
Ondansetron and dexamethasone resulted in a decrease in macroscopic and microscopic colonic damage significantly. In addition a dramatic reduction in MPO activity and colonic levels of inflammatory cytokines were seen. The protective effects of ondansetron were antagonized by con-current administration of mCPBG. Our data suggests that the beneficial effects of ondansetron in TNBS-induced colitis could be mediated by 5-HT3 receptors.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZProtective effect of crocin against reperfusion-induced cardiac arrhythmias in anaesthetized ratsAghai, HasanEsmailidehaj, MansourJafari, MahvashJahanbakhsh, ZahraKhoshbaten, AliMohammadi, Mohammad taghiRasoulian, BahramSalehi, MaryamShekarforoush, Shahnazhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296222015-08-12T18:57:09Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Protective effect of crocin against reperfusion-induced cardiac arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats
Authors: Aghai, Hasan; Esmailidehaj, Mansour; Jafari, Mahvash; Jahanbakhsh, Zahra; Khoshbaten, Ali; Mohammadi, Mohammad taghi; Rasoulian, Bahram; Salehi, Maryam; Shekarforoush, Shahnaz
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of crocin - a natural antioxidant derived from saffron - on cardiac reperfusion-induced arrhythmia and antioxidant systems such as catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities, glutathione (GSH) and
malondialdehyde (MDA, as a marker of lipid peroxidation) levels. Rats in 4 experimental groups were administered crocin (20 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (i.p.) for 21 days with or without cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR). At the end of this period, hearts of
anaesthetized animals in IR and “Cr + IR” groups were subjected to 10 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and thereafter reperfused for 30 min.
The results suggest that crocin is partially capable of suppressing reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. Compared to control group, ischemic-reperfusion injury significantly decreased SOD activity and GSH level and increased MDA level of heart muscle. “Cr + IR” group showed remarkably increased catalase activity in heart tissue (28.7 ± 6.6 vs. 23.6 ± 4.1 U/mg protein, P < 0.05) compared to the IR group. The level of cardiac tissue SOD activity in the
“Cr + IR” group animals did not decline significantly compared to rats that were administered crocin alone with no ischemia.
The results suggest a protective role of crocin on cardiac reperfusion arrhythmias which may at least partially be related to stability or even amplification of antioxidant systems. Crocin may potentially be useful for treatment or prevention of arrhythmias in patients with ischemic
heart disease and this issue remains to be investigated in future clinical studies.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZVariable inhibitory effect of herbal supplements of different brands on human P450 CYP1A2Prachayasittikul, VirapongWanwimolruk, Somponhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296212015-08-12T18:57:11Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Variable inhibitory effect of herbal supplements of different brands on human P450 CYP1A2
Authors: Prachayasittikul, Virapong; Wanwimolruk, Sompon
Abstract: Herbal supplements are not governed by the same regulations as prescription drugs, we hy-pothesize that the content of their active ingredients may vary largely among different manu-facturers. This may produce variable therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to examine this hypothesis on commonly used herbal supplements among cancer patients. CYP1A2 has been implicated in the activation of many carcinogens and alteration in its activity may be a mech-anism associated with the protective effect of herbal products. Activity of human CYP1A2 was used to determine the effect of four herbal supplements of different brands, namely, black cohosh (BC), ginseng, grape seed extract (GSE) and green tea extract (GTE). The herbal con-tent was extracted with methanol, and extract aliquots were used to determine their effect on CYP1A2. Human liver microsomes, the CYP1A2 probe (7-ethoxyresorufin) and NADPH in buffer were incubated with and without herbal extract. Metabolite (resorufin) formation was monitored by HPLC. Seven BC products caused a mild inhibition of CYP1A2, ranging from 2.4 % by GNC Plus to 21.9 % by Nature’s Resource. Among nine ginseng products tested, the inhibitory effect varied from 4.2 % by Imperial to 44.6 % by Solarays. The effect of nine GSE brands also varied, ranging from 1.7 % (Country Life) to 26.5 % (Veg Life). Of twelve GTE products, the inhibitory effect varied from 2.9 % by Henry’s to 46.6 % by GNC Plus. It ap-pears that the inhibition of selected herbal supplements on CYP1A2 activity varies considera-bly among different brands of the products. This may be due to variations in the herbal prod-ucts’ active ingredients content.2012-09-19T00:00:00ZAnticonvulsant activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Melissa parviflora in experimentally induced Swiss albino miceAhmad, Shiekh TanveerAsiaf, AsiaAslam, MohammadBhat, Jalal UddinKhanam, RaziaMujeeb, MohammadNizami, QudsiaParray, Shabir AhmadSiddiqui, AishaUmar, Sadiqhttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/296202015-08-12T18:57:13Z2012-09-19T00:00:00ZTitle: Anticonvulsant activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Melissa parviflora in experimentally induced Swiss albino mice
Authors: Ahmad, Shiekh Tanveer; Asiaf, Asia; Aslam, Mohammad; Bhat, Jalal Uddin; Khanam, Razia; Mujeeb, Mohammad; Nizami, Qudsia; Parray, Shabir Ahmad; Siddiqui, Aisha; Umar, Sadiq
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of whole plant extracts of Melissa parviflora using MES and PTZ induced seizures models. The dried whole plant was subjected to extraction in methanol and water. The extracts were subjected to phytochem-ical tests and the carbohydrate, flavonols, coumarins, glycosides and steroid were found to be present. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of the plant of Melissa parviflora were observed for their anticonvulsant activity by Maximal Electroshock seizures (MES) test and Pentylene-tetrazole (PTZ) test using Swiss albino mice. Both the extracts showed significant activity in MES and PTZ induced convulsions in comparison to control. From the literature surveys as well experiments performed, it can be said that Melissa parviflora does pose anticonvulsant property.2012-09-19T00:00:00Z