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The observation of cosmic messenger particles provides unique insights into astrophysical processes. As high-energy nuclei or photons reach the Earth's atmosphere, a particle cascade called extensive air shower is initiated. By detecting secondary shower particles, the energy, direction, and identity of the initial messenger particle can be reconstructed. This task heavily relies on an accurate simulation of particle cascades. A major challenge in this context is the muon puzzle – a significa...
With the motivation to improve experimental gains and precision, established astroparticle experiments are currently undergoing massive upgrades. In addition, several new experiments are being built or planned. With the resulting gain in observational quality, the amount and accuracy of simulated data required for the analysis is also rising. In order to meet the increasing requirements and complexity due to the experiments’ growth and to provide a unified software ecosystem, it was dec...
In this thesis, a search for same-sign top quark pairs produced according to the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) is presented. The analysis is carried out within the ATLAS Collaboration using collision data at a center-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV, collected by the ATLAS detector during the Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. Three SMEFT operators are considered in the analysis, namely ORR, O(1)LR, and O(8)LR. The signal ass...
Spintronics offers huge potential for data storage and processing and, thus, for overcoming the challenges arising from the ever-increasing demands in the field of electronics. To fully utilize this potential in real-world applications, appropriate materials are required. Graphene-ferromagnetic interfaces show great promise in this context. Combining graphene with a ferromagnet, such as cobalt, results in a system with many advantageous effects, such as Dzyaloshinskii−Moriya interaction (D...
This thesis consists of two parts, in each of which a quadratic regularization is applied to an optimal transport problem and its effect on a prototypical bilevel optimization problem is investigated. In the first part, we use the mentioned quadratic regularization in combination with a smoothing of the marginals to improve certain properties of the well-known Kantorovich problem, which is a linear optimization problem defined on infinite-dimensional spaces. In this way we obtain, for e...
Supramolecular coordination cages based on square-planar Pd(II) cations in combination with bis-monodentate ligands equipped with pyridine, respectively isoquinoline donor groups, form a subclass of coordination cages and assemblies that has been extensively studied. In recent years, efforts towards the development of functional coordination cages have been made, with the usual approach to achieve this goal being the incorporation of a functional backbone followed by careful choice of linker ...
This work describes the rational design of a family of endohedrally functionalized heteroleptic coordination cages of the type Pd2A2B2. These were assembled out of a modular toolbox of banana shaped ligands A based on carbazole and shape complementary ligands B with different aromatic backbones and lengths. The obtained structures were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry as well as for some examples with X-ray diffraction in the solid state. With installing different f...
Radiotherapy is a high-precision treatment of malignant diseases. However, for some specialized techniques, e.g., total body irradiation (TBI) and proton therapy, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the applied effective dose. For some TBI techniques, no CT-based treatment planning is performed, therefore 3D dose distributions are unavailable. For proton therapy, the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) compared to standard photon irradiation is variable and subject to high uncert...
Development of autonomous vehicles has hit a slump in the past years. This slump is caused by the so-called approval trap for autonomous vehicles: While the industry has mostly mastered the methods for building autonomous vehicles, reliable mechanisms for ensuring their safety are still missing. It is generally accepted that the brute-force approach of driving enough mileage for documenting the relatively higher safety of autonomous vehicles (compared to human drivers) is not feasible. Since,...
In diesem Beitrag wird die Konstruktion und Validierung eines Testinstruments zur Erhebung des Professionswissens von angehenden Lehrkräften im Fach Sozialwissenschaften (SoWi) vorgestellt. Der SoWis-L („Sozialwissenschaftliches Wissen – Lehrkräfte“) stellt für das Lehramtsstudienfach SoWi das erste standardisierte Testinstrument zur ökonomischen Erhebung von Professionswissen unter Berücksichtigung des Integrationsfachcharakters dar. Anhand einer Stichprobe von N = 374 Lehramtsstudierenden d...
Die Untersuchungen vergleichen das Einlaufverhalten metallisch gebundener Diamant-Microfinishwerkzeuge in unterschiedlichen Konditionierzuständen. Die Analyse erfolgt werkstück-, prozess- als auch werkzeugseitig anhand von Oberflächengüte, Prozesskräften und Werkzeugtopographie. Hierdurch wird die Wirkung der Konditionierzustände auf das Einlaufverhalten des Werkzeugs respektive das Erreichen der stationären Prozessphase untersucht und hinsichtlich der auftretenden Wechselwirkungen analysiert.
In Zeiten zunehmender Vernetzung und Digitalisierung stehen kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen vor der Herausforderung, neben den bisherigen Produkten digitale Zusatzleistungen anzubieten. Es fehlt vor allem an praxisnahen Leitfäden, die aufzeigen, wie sich diese digitale Transformation tatsächlich verwirklichen lässt. Dieser Beitrag vereint abgeleitete Erkenntnisse aus wissenschaftlicher Literatur sowie unternehmerischer Praxis und zeigt zwölf Handlungsempfehlungen zur digitalen Transfo...
Digitale Medien sind im Leben von Menschen mit und ohne Behinderung allgegenwärtig. Für eine gesellschaftliche Teilhabe ist es die Aufgabe der inklusiven Bildung, einerseits allen Schüler*innen Lernmöglichkeiten zum Erwerb schulischer Medienkompetenzen bereitzustellen und andererseits die Lernumgebungen so zu gestalten, dass sie sich an die individuellen Bedürfnisse der Schüler*innen anpassen. Dieses Lehrbuch stellt zentrale Lerntheorien im Kontext digitaler Medienarbeit vor und geht dabei ei...
During embryonic development, many cell types arise from a single homogenous cell population. Coordination via cell-cell signaling leads to functional specialization by changing the set of expressed genes. In very early mammalian development, the homogenous cell population of pluripotent cells in the inner cell mass breaks symmetry and differentiates into epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages under the influence of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Wingless Integrated (Wnt), and mammalian Ta...
Iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters are essential cofactors found in all living organisms. Acting as versatile electron carriers they are indispensable for life-sustaining processes, contributing to respiration, nitrogen fixation, and hydrogen production. Several proteins containing single and multiple FeS clusters are involved in the pathway to hydrogen evolution. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to characterize their FeS clusters providing valuable information about their ...
Die affektive Störung Depression zählt zu den häufigsten mentalen Erkrankungen weltweit. Die Versorgungsstruktur für Betroffene ist in Deutschland jedoch als nicht ausreichend einzustufen. Im Zuge der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung versprechen telepsychiatrische Angebote eine vielversprechende Lösung für Probleme herkömmlicher Behandlungsmethoden. Obwohl eine vergleichbare Wirksamkeit dieser Angebote wissenschaftlich gut dokumentiert ist, ist noch nicht ausreichend geklärt, ob diese Angebot...
The concept of GI, multi-stakeholder participation and resilient cities has emerged as a new dimension of sustainable urban development for green growth - leading to the strengthening of the resilience of the urban eco-system. Since Pakistan is undoubtedly at high risk to climate change and its impacts, especially flooding, makes the region vulnerable to in-daunting climatic catastrophes, the northwestern areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province were no exception, gives evidence of the high ...
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- 291 Dette, Holger
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- 74 Schweizer, Ben
- 74 Ufer, Stefan
- 74 Weihs, Claus
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