A home advantage in offside decisions in German professional football (soccer)

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dc.contributor.authorWühr, Peter
dc.contributor.authorFurley, Philip
dc.contributor.authorMertes, Marc
dc.contributor.authorMemmert, Daniel
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-18T13:13:58Z
dc.date.available2025-06-18T13:13:58Z
dc.date.issued2025-04-01
dc.description.abstractFootball teams perform more successfully when playing at home than when playing away. A possible cause for this home advantage is that spectators bias referee decisions in favor of the home team. This study is the first to investigate a possible home advantage in offside decisions in football. Therefore, we analyzed archival data from 1,836 matches from the German Bundesliga. We observed a home advantage in offside decisions when the effects of team dominance on the number of offside decisions were removed by calculating an offside score. The presence or absence of the video-assistant referee (VAR) did not affect the home advantage in offside decisions. Moreover, the home advantage in offside decisions occurred only in the presence of spectators and increased with their number. In summary, our study provides first evidence for a home advantage in offside decisions of professional referees, which might be related to spectator presence or behavior.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/43763
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.17877/DE290R-25537
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesCollabra: Psychology; 11(1)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectFootballen
dc.subjectGerman Bundesligaen
dc.subjectHome advantageen
dc.subjectOffside judgmentsen
dc.subjectSocceren
dc.subjectVARen
dc.subject.ddc370
dc.subject.ddc150
dc.subject.ddc300
dc.subject.rswkFußball
dc.subject.rswkBundesliga
dc.subject.rswkHeimvorteil
dc.titleA home advantage in offside decisions in German professional football (soccer)en
dc.typeText
dc.type.publicationtypeResearchArticle
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
eldorado.secondarypublicationtrue
eldorado.secondarypublication.primarycitationWühr, P., Furley, P., Mertes, M., & Memmert, D. (2025). A home advantage in offside decisions in German professional football (soccer). Collabra: Psychology, 11(1), Article 133671. https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.133671
eldorado.secondarypublication.primaryidentifierhttps://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.133671

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