In this thesis, we are concerned with multiobjective combinatorial optimization (MOCO) problems. We attempt to fill the gap between theory and practice, which comes from the lack of a deep complexity theory for MOCO problems. In a first part, we consider a complexity notion for multiobjective optimization problems which derives from output-sensitive complexity. The primary goal of such a complexity notion is to classify problems into easy and hard problems. We show that the multiobjectiv...

Diese Arbeit beschreibt eine Messung von zerfallszeitabhängiger 𝐶𝑃-Verletzung in den Zerfällen 𝐵0 → 𝐽/𝜓𝐾S0 und 𝐵0 → 𝜓(2𝑆)𝐾S0, in welchen das 𝐽/𝜓 aus zwei Elektronen und das 𝜓(2𝑆) aus zwei Muonen rekonstruiert wird. Der verwendete Datensatz entspricht einer integrierten Luminosität von 3fb^{−1} 𝑝𝑝-Kollisionen und wurde mit dem LHCb- Experiment bei Schwerpunktsenergien von 7 und 8 TeV aufgenommen. Die gemessenen 𝐶𝑃-Observablen sind 𝐶(𝐵0 → 𝐽/𝜓𝐾S0) = 0.12 ± 0.07 (stat...

The ErbB signaling network comprises a complex dynamic system, which regulates a diverse set of cellular behaviors. In this thesis, we examined how regulating the distribution of ErbB receptors between the plasma membrane and different endosomal compartments enables contextual regulation of receptor activity and signaling. In the first part of this work, we investigated how spatial regulation of EGFR controls its autocatalytic activity. We found that autonomously activated and EGF activated r...

Reactions catalysed by oxidoreductases are indispensable for chemical synthesis. However, despite obvious advantages like mild reaction conditions and regio-, chemo-, and stereoselectivity, which simplifies product work-up, their implementation in the chemical industry is lacking. Therefore, an integrated approach involving catalyst and reaction engineering and proper reactor design is necessary for commercialising oxidoreductases for organic synthesis. Rational reaction design linking kineti...

EuO ist ein ferromagnetischer Isolator, eine seltene Materialklasse, welche ferromagnetische und isolierende Eigenschaften verbindet. Wir präparieren EuO schichten auf SrTiO3 (001) und anderen Oxiden in dem wir einen neuen Ansatz, die Redox Reaktion mit dem Substrat, verwenden. Indes entwickeln wir eine XPS Anpassungsroutine auf der Basis vorher gemessener Spektren des Eu 3d Kernniveaus. Die Redox Wachstumsmethode funktioniert im Temperaturbereich TS = 300 C-600 C, in dem wir stöchiome...

In this thesis we study a diffuse interface approximation of the sum of the area and Willmore functional for which Gamma-convergence has already been established in the case of small space dimensions and smoothly bounded sets. We extend this result to a larger class of configurations with nonsmooth phase boundaries and explicitly allow intersecting boundary curves. We also analyze the interaction of parallel planar phase phields and discuss their slow motion under the L2-gradient flow of the...

Das wesentliche Ziel im Forschungsfeld der Spintronik ist die volle Ausnutzung von Spin und Ladung quantenmechanischer Teilchen, um Informationen darzustellen und zu verarbeiten. Eine Grundvoraussetzung für die Realisierung von Festkörper- Quanteninformationsanwendungen ist die robuste Quantenkohärenz, die die Essenz der Verschränkung darstellt. Die fundamentale Frage mit der sich die Halbleiter-Spintronik auseinandersetzt ist daher, wie die Quantendekohärenz durch störende Wechselwirkungen i...

The key objective of this thesis was to appraise the Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Tanzania. The thesis has shown that in Tanzania Building Information Modeling (BIM) can be used to improve Bills of Quantities (BOQ) productivity in the public construction project delivery. The thesis key contribution is the proposed fundamentals in developing a country specific BIM model. Equally, the study has given a more specific definition of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and shown the exi...

The concept of sustainability is a broadly investigated topic in the modern organic chemistry which gains more and more importance and affects the development of novel strategies. According to green chemistry, an important issue of catalytic reactions is the recyclability of the catalyst and a simple separation of products. As a method for catalyst recycling, the use of water as solvent is utilized and the recovery of the hydrophilic catalyst can be achieved by extraction of the hydrophobic p...

In chemical biology and drug discovery, the development of novel methods for efficient synthesis of structurally distinct molecular scaffolds holds an immense importance. Gold catalyzed enyne cycloisomerizations are a powerful tool to access a wide range of complex molecules owing to the tunable nature of gold complexes with ligand and reaction conditions. A number of reactions have disclosed the role of substrates, ligands of gold(I) catalyst and the nucleophiles to afford a variety of produ...

Nicht-kleinzelliger Lungenkrebs (NSCLC) ist die häufigste Ursache für Krebs-bezogene Todesfälle weltweit.[1] Die Behandlung von NSCLC hat jedoch in den letzten zehn Jahren eine Revolution erfahren: Die Identifizierung von prädiktiven Biomarkern und ein detailliertes Verständnis von deren biochemischen und molekularen Eigenschaften erlaubte die Entwicklung von zielgerichteten, spezifischen Inhibitoren der mutierten Onkoproteine. Diese sogenannte Präzisionsmedizin stellt einen alternativen Beha...

Second order conditions provide a natural framework for establishing asymptotic results about estimators for tail related quantities. Such conditions are typically tailored to the estimation principle at hand, and may be vastly different for estimators based on the block maxima (BM) method or the peak-over-threshold (POT) approach. In this paper we provide details on the relationship between typical second order conditions for BM and POT methods in the multivariate case. We show that the...

We show that the Phillips (1987) unit root tests have nuisance parameter free limiting dis- tributions when applied to polynomials of integrated processes driven by linear process errors. This substantially generalizes a similar result of Wagner (2012) allowing only for serially uncor- related errors. The result is based on novel kernel weighted sum limit results involving powers of integrated processes. These results allow us also consider additional modifications of the Phillips (1987)...

A time-domain test for the assumption of second order stationarity of a functional time series is proposed. The test is based on combining individual cumulative sum tests which are designed to be sensitive to changes in the mean, variance and autocovariance operators, respectively. The combination of their dependent p-values relies on a joint dependent block multiplier bootstrap of the individual test statistics. Conditions under which the proposed combined testing procedure is asymptoti...

When creating a visual recognition system for a novel task, one of the main burdens is the collection and annotation of data. Often several thousand samples need to be manually reviewed and labeled so that the recognition system achieves the desired accuracy. The goal of this thesis is to provide methods that lower the annotation effort for visual scene and object recognition. These methods are applicable to traditional pattern recognition approaches as well as methods from the field of deep ...

In this manuscript we develop and apply modern algorithmic data reduction techniques to tackle scalability issues and enable statistical data analysis of massive data sets. Our algorithms follow a general scheme, where a reduction technique is applied to the large-scale data to obtain a small summary of sublinear size to which a classical algorithm is applied. The techniques for obtaining these summaries depend on the problem that we want to solve. The size of the summaries is usually paramet...