The individual monitoring service at the Materialprüfungsamt North Rhine-Westphalia and the TU Dortmund are developing the compact dosemeter system TL-DOS based on thin-layer thermoluminescence detectors as well as an associated glow curve analysis tool. Various dosemeters of the system measure different dose quantities and types of radiation. This thesis focuses on the TL-DOS neutron dosemeter to measure the whole body dose. The system is optimized in terms of LiF:Mg,Ti detectors, an albedo...

Modern computer processors are nowadays approaching limits due to their quantum limitations. The basic principle of modern electronics is measuring a small electrical charge of electrons passing through electronic circuits. An alternative approach based on novel materials could be the solution, which instead relies on the fundamental quantum- mechanical property – spin. The fundamental requirements that apply to a device based on quantum spin qubits include the ability to scale a quantum syst...

High energy gamma-ray astronomy probes the most extreme phenomena in our universe: super novae and their remnants as well as supermassive black holes at the center of far away galaxies. The First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) is a small, prototype Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) operating since 2011 at the Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain. It specializes in continuously monitoring the brightest known sources of gamma rays. In this thesis, I present a new, open analysis c...

In unserer modernen Gesellschaft führt die rasant steigende Nutzung digitaler Technologien zu kontinuierlich steigenden Anforderungen an die Kapazität von Übertragungssystemen. In Weitverkehrssystemen haben Lichtwellenleiter andere Technologien fast vollständig verdrängt, wobei Weiterentwicklungen den steigenden Anforderungen Rechnung tragen müssen. Vielversprechend sind in diesem Kontext Raummultiplexsysteme. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Potenzial des Modenmultiplexbetriebs zur Steige...

We report programmable receptors for the imaging‐based analysis of 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) in user‐defined DNA sequences of single cells. Using fluorescent transcription‐activator‐like effectors (TALEs) that can recognize sequences of canonical and epigenetic nucleobases through selective repeats, we imaged cellular SATIII DNA, the origin of nuclear stress bodies (nSB). We achieve high nucleobase selectivity of natural repeats in imaging and demonstrate universal nucleobase binding by an engin...

Steffen Mau gelingt es, eigene Erinnerungen und Erfahrungen in der DDR und zu Zeiten der Wende bis zur Aktualität so mit theoretischen und empirischen Erkenntnissen zu verflechten, dass vor dem inneren Auge der Leser*in konturierte Bilder entstehen: vom Alltag in der DDR-Großwohnsiedlung der 1970er und 80er Jahre, von den Umbrüchen in Ostdeutschland ab 1989 und den zahlreichen Problemen, mit denen sich die Menschen in Ostdeutschland durch die politische Transformation und den Anschluss der DD...

Quantum computers have the potential to speed up certain problems that are hard for classical computers. Hybrid systems, such as the nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond, are among the most promising systems to implement quantum computing, provided the control of the different types of qubits can be efficiently implemented. In the case of the NV center, the anisotropic hyperfine interaction allows one to control the nuclear spins indirectly, through gate operations targeting the elect...

This thesis investigates university social responsibility as mediated content of the Projektstudium courses of the bachelor study programme rehabilitation pedagogy of TU Dortmund University as well as Service Learning projects of the University Duisburg- Essen. In the course of societal change, tasks of educational institutions and their teaching concepts also change. In order to take responsibility for society and to educate responsibly acting citizens, university social responsibility...

Die Betriebsbedingungen und das dynamische Betriebsverhalten von Modularen Multilevel-Umrichtern (MMC) in Systemen der Hochspannungsgleichstromübertragung (HGÜ) führen zu neuartigen Isolationsbeanspruchungen. Daher wird zunächst im Themenfeld der Isolationskoordination ein Verfahren zur Dimensionierung erforderlicher Luftstrecken und der klimatischen Korrektur von Auslegungsspannungen für HGÜ-Systeme vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden simulativ und exemplarisch die bei einem Pol-Erde-Schluss ...

A highly ordered, hexagonal, nacre-like composite stiffness is investigated using experiments, simulations, and analytical models. Polystyrene and polyurethane are selected as materials for the manufactured specimens using laser cutting and hand lamination. A simulation geometry is made by digital microscope measurements of the specimens, and a simulation is conducted using material data based on component material characterization. Available analytical models are compared to the experimental...

The simulation of complex engineering components and structures under loads requires the formulation and adequate calibration of appropriate material models. This work introduces an optimisation-based scheme for the calibration of viscoelastic material models that are coupled to gradient-enhanced damage in a finite strain setting. The parameter identification scheme is applied to a self-diagnostic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) elastomer, where so-called mechanophore units are incorporated wit...

Studies have already established that the mechanical properties of Babbitt coatings significantly depend on the microstructural characteristics, such as the amount and distribution of intermetallic compounds dispersed in a soft solid solution matrix. For Sn–Sb–Cu-based Babbitt coatings, the formation of SbSn- and CuSn-based precipitates has a substantial influence on the resulting microhardness and thus determines the maximum load carrying capacity. Thermal spraying of Sn-based Babbitt coatin...

In this thesis, a new method is developed for the active cancellation of predictable EMI by injecting synthesized and synchronized signals. At first, a generic description is derived for the active cancellation of conducted EMI of arbitrary single- and multi-port electronic systems. From the mathematical description, important requirements for the overall system and the cancellation signals are found. Analog active EMI filters as an established method for active EMI cancellation are discusse...

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) phenomena have contributed immensely to the field of cell biophysics and cell biology in providing rational answers to the process of formation of membraneless organelles. These membraneless organelles play a vital role in understanding the origin of life in terms of cellular compartmentalisation. An increasing number of proteins and protein-nucleic acid mixtures has been shown to undergo LLPS at high concentrations forming two liquid phases - a protein-r...

In this thesis we study the propagation of time-harmonic electromagnetic waves through periodic media for two different regimes. In the first part, we consider a periodic medium in a bounded domain with a period that is much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave hitting the medium. The medium is a periodic assembly of conducting microstructures and void space. In order to describe the effective behaviour of the field propagating through this medium, we homogenise the ...

Diurnal fluctuations in volatility are a well-documented stylized fact of intraday price data. We investigate how this intraday periodicity (IP) affects both finite sample as well as asymptotic properties of several popular realized estimators of daily integrated volatility which are based on functionals of M intraday returns. We demonstrate that most of the estimators considered in our study exhibit a finite-sample bias due to IP, which can however get negligible if the number of intrad...