Eldorado - Repository of the TU Dortmund
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Recent Submissions
Sustaining Academic Freedom for Scholars at Risk
(2025-06-18) Artemenko, Natalia; Charaf, Kholoud; Newman, Jane O.; Postero, Nancy; Accilien, Cécile; Adams, Jessica; Sapiro, Gisèle; Cohen, Elsie; Loshakov, Ruslan; Sineokaya, Yulia
Evaluation der Einheitlichen Ansprechstellen für Arbeitgeber
(2025) Lamb, Sarah; Jochmaring, Jan; Kuhn, Jörg-Tobias; Pelka, Bastian; Schulze, Sarah; York, Jana
Land expropriation policy and its impacts on agricultural land consumption
(2025) Mohammed, Brjin Safar; Gruehn, Dietwald; Baumgart, Sabine
Expropriating agricultural land for urbanization is widespread in developing countries, justified legally to serve the public interest, with affected people receiving fair compensation. However, implementing this policy carries severe consequences, primarily consuming vast fertile agricultural land. In Iraq, particularly in the Kurdistan Region, historical, political, and economic circumstances have been crucial in developing this policy and its applications. Population growth, economic considerations, and institutional factors have accelerated land expropriation to meet the
rising demand.
Over the past three decades, the cities of the Kurdistan Region have developed rapidly, depleting their fertile lands through expropriation. This development has resulted in numerous social, economic, and environmental consequences and institutional conflicts. This study examines approaches to facilitate sustainable land expropriation, focusing on the Kurdistan Region and a more in-depth analysis of the Semel and Zakho territories. In the view of the principles of good governance approach, the research finds an interaction between these principles and the expropriation policy through a detailed review of this policy and a study of its consequences, including intensive land consumption. Furthermore, the study delves into the driving forces behind expropriation and evaluates its intensifying influence on accelerating expropriation.
The ethodology is designed to follow an appropriate research strategy and establish adequate data collection and analysis methods. Based on various criteria, the study has selected Semel and Zakho areas, achieving a comprehensive analysis of the impacts of agricultural land expropriation, the factors influencing it, and the regulatory framework in the given context. The study utilizes quantitative and qualitative research techniques, including document and archive analysis, observation, and in-depth interviews. The findings of this research are shown in the form of a conceptual proposal outlining transparency, participation, accountability, the rule of law and justice, equity, and the interviewee's perception as criteria for sustainable land expropriation in the selected areas and the Kurdistan Region. Moreover, this research recommends general strategies as the essential base for shifting toward an efficient expropriation policy. The recommendations are closely related to the expropriation legal and institutional framework and its consequences.
DNA barcoding of passerine birds in Iran
(2025-04-24) Javaheri Tehrani, Sahar; Rezazadeh, Elham; Alaei Kakhki, Niloofar; Nourani, Leila; Ebadi, Vali; Karimi, Sahar; Karami, Mojtaba; Ashouri, Fatemeh; Sarshar, Asaad; Gossmann, Toni I.; Aliabadian, Mansour
Exploring genetic diversity is essential for precise species delimitation, especially within taxonomically complex groups like passerine birds. Traditional morphological methods often fail to resolve species boundaries; however, DNA barcoding, particularly through the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, provides a powerful complementary method for accurate species identification. This study establishes a comprehensive DNA barcode library for Iranian passerine birds, analyzing 546 COI sequences from 94 species across 23 families and 53 genera. There is a pronounced barcode gap, with average intraspecific divergence at 0.41% and interspecific divergence at 18.6%. Notable intraspecific variation emerged in the Persian nuthatch (Sitta tephronota) and the Lesser whitethroat (Curruca curruca), while the European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) and the grey-crowned goldfinch (Carduelis caniceps) showed limited genetic differentiation despite marked morphological distinctions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed significant east-west genetic splits in C. curruca and S. tephronota, reflecting Iran’s geographic and zoogeographic boundaries. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of DNA barcoding in elucidating biogeographic patterns, emphasizing Iran’s key role as an ornithological crossroads for avian biodiversity. Moreover, our results suggest that much of the genetic variation in the COI gene arises from synonymous mutations, highlighting the role of purifying selection in shaping mtDNA diversity across species.
Modeling Shear-Thinning Flow in Twin-Screw Extrusion Processes
(2025-03-09) Kimmel, Vincent; Gräfe, Lorena; Grieser, Luca; Lips, Alexey; Henning, Robert; Winck, Judith; Thommes, Markus
Background/Objective: Hot-melt extrusion has been established as a formulation strategy for various pharmaceutical applications. However, tailoring the screw configuration is a major challenge where 1D modeling is utilized. This usually requires specific screw parameters, which are rarely noted in the literature, especially when dealing with shear-thinning formulations. Methods: Therefore, a custom-made test rig was used to assess the behavior of various conveying and kneading elements using Newtonian silicon oil and shear-thinning silicon rubber. The pressure and the power were measured as a function of volume flow. A model was proposed characterizing the screw element behavior by six individual parameters (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3). Results: The experimental results regarding the behavior with respect to Newtonian fluids were in good agreement with the literature and were modeled in accordance with the Pawlowski approach. In terms of shear-thinning fluids, the influence of screw speed on pressure and power was quantified. An evaluation framework was proposed to assess this effect using two additional parameters. Based on a high number of repetitive measurements, a confidence interval for the individual screw parameters was determined that is suitable to highlight the differences between element types. Conclusions: Finally, geometrical screw parameters for Newtonian and shear-thinning flow were assessed and modeled, with three conveying and three kneading elements characterized.