The aim of this paper is to describe a new, fast and robust solver for 3D flow problems which are described by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The correspondig simulations are done by a monolithic 3D flow solver, i.e. velocity and pressure are solved at the same time. During these simulations the convective part is linearized using two different methods: Fixpoint method and Newton method. The Fixpoint method is working in a quite robust way, but it has a slow convergence dependi...

In the metalworking industry, different processes and applications require the utilisation of custom designed tools. The selection of the appropriated substrate material and its pre-treatment as well as the protective coating are of great importance in the performance and life time of forming tools, dies, punches and coated parts in general. TiAlN and CrAlN coatings have been deposited onto the hot work tool steel AISI H11 by means of Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering. Prior to the depositi...

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit werden koagulierte Tensidfilme mit Hilfe verschiedener physikalisch-chemischer Methoden erforscht, um Informationen über ihre Bildung, ihren strukturellen Aufbau und ihre Eigenschaften zu gewinnen. Diese Systeme sind grundsätzlich von Interesse, um Informationen über Tensid-Salz-Wechselwirkungen zu gewinnen. Darüber hinaus stehen sie im Kontext biologischer Selbstorganisation an Grenzflächen, wie z.B. in Zellmembranen oder bei der Biomineralisation. Als ultra...

The method that is proposed in this thesis makes document images searchable with minimum manual effort. This works in the query-by-example scenario where the user selects an exemplary occurrence of the query word in a document image. Afterwards, an entire collection of document images is searched automatically. The major challenge is to detect relevant words and to sort them according to similarity to the query. However, recognizing text in historic document images can be considered as extrem...

Downregulation of miR-195 in colorectal cancer tissues has been reported in several studies. We investigated the impact exogenous induction of mature miR-195-5p on some malignant features of human colorectal cancer cells. Caco-2 and SW480 human colon cancer cell lines were transfected with a synthetic miR-195-5p mimic. Exogenous induction of miR-195-5p suppressed multiple mediators of invasion and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer cells and increased the apoptotic cell population in both cell...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of the protective effects of low-dose sodium nitrite (SN) on oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in PC12 cells. The PC12 cells were exposed to 4 h of OGD and treated with 100 μmol SN. The expression and activity of ER stress markers, including PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), transcription factor 6 (ATF6), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), as well as caspase-...

Was bedeuten Megatrends wie der Klimawandel für die Rolle von Planern? Wie verändert sich planerisches Handeln während der Aufstellung von verbindlichen Plänen? Bekannte Ideen, Verhaltens- und Denkweisen oder historische Vorläufer müssen geprüft und verändert werden, neue Verhaltensweisen und Rollenverständnisse hinzugefügt werden. Räumliche Planung als absichtsvolle und in die Zukunft gerichtete Tätigkeit in komplexen realen Situationen ist dafür auf kontextbezogene Strategien zur Reduktio...

Da der Nachhaltigkeit von Reaktionen in der Chemie immer mehr Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt wird, ist die Entwicklung und Implementierung neuer, nachhaltigerer Katalysator- /Lösemittelsysteme wünschenswert. Wichtige Ansätze und Konzepte auf dem Weg zu einer grüneren Chemie sind insbesondere Katalysatoren, die sich leicht von ihren Produkten trennen und damit wiederverwenden lassen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden hydrophile und damit leicht abtrennbare NHC-Gold-Komplexe synthetisiert. Um die Wasserlö...

This contribution provides a systematic literature review of Human Activity Recognition for Production and Logistics. An initial list of 1243 publications that complies with predefined Inclusion Criteria was surveyed by three reviewers. Fifty-two publications that comply with the Content Criteria were analysed regarding the observed activities, sensor attachment, utilised datasets, sensor technology and the applied methods of HAR. This review is focused on applications that use marker-based M...

Coherent optical spectroscopy such as four-wave mixing and photon echo generation deliver rich information on the energy levels involved in optical transitions through the analysis of polarization of the coherent response. In semiconductors, it can be applied to distinguish between different exciton complexes, which is a highly non-trivial problem in optical spectroscopy. We develop a simple approach based on photon echo polarimetry, in which polar plots of the photon echo amplitude are measu...

The title compound, C15H18O4, which crystallizes with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, was obtained in the course of the total synthesis of curvicollides A–C and fusaequisin A. It features the relative configuration of the Western aldol part of the natural products. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds.

In the past years stem cells have been recognized as a promising source to treat a wide spectrum of human diseases. Stem cell fate of adult stem cells is mainly controlled by the stem cell microenvironment which is also called a stem cell niche. The stem cell niche is composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM), other small molecules and other cells. The extracellular matrix provides the scaffold for cell adhesion and therefore biochemical and biophysical aspects of the ECM have a huge in...