Eldorado - Repository of the TU Dortmund
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Makes caterpillars floppy toxins Mcf1 and Mcf2 from Photorhabdus luminescens
(2025) Heilen, Philipp; Raunser, Stefan; Linser, Rasmus
The Makes caterpillars floppy toxins Mcf1 and Mcf2 are essential virulence factors from Photorhabdus luminescens, that ensure the survival of the bacterium and its symbiotic nematodes. In my thesis I solved the structure of Mcf1 (3.6 Å) and described Mcf2 as more instable and flexible, which prevented high resolution structure determination but still gave rise to a partial cryo-EM density. Both toxins consist of an N-terminal effector domain (NED), activator binding domain (ABD), protease effector domain (PED), two putative translocation domains (TD) and three putative receptor-binding domains (RBD). While the general structure resembles the ABCD toxin family, the translocation domains in particular are similar to the translocase of large clostridial toxins (LCT). Finally, I identified Arf3 as the cytosolic activator of both toxins and could formulate an activation mechanism that causes the release of the NED and PED into the cytosol, where both act independently as toxic effectors that contribute to the high potency of the Mcf toxins.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr.28/2025
(Technische Universität Dortmund, 2025-10-15)
Investigating the development and enhancement of professional vision throughout teacher education
(2025) Bauersfeld, Jasmin Lilian; Gold, Bernadette; Prilop, Christopher Neil
The primary goal of teacher education is to equip future teachers with the competencies required for effective classroom performance. A central competency is professional vision, which entails noticing and interpreting relevant classroom situations and generating appropriate alternatives of action. This enables teachers to attend to teaching quality dimensions of classroom management, instructional support, and emotional support. Research on teacher expertise highlights developmental stages but also reveals plateaus, particularly when teachers enter practice. While models emphasize the importance of learning opportunities, their actual impact on professional vision remains ambiguous.
Article I replicated findings of stagnation in professional vision during the transition into practice and revealed no positive effect of learning opportunities. Instead, reflection showed a negative effect, underscoring the importance of the quality rather than the quantity of training. In response, practice-oriented approaches such as video-based analyses have been proposed. Articles II–IV investigated the application of instructional principles from cognitive load theory and cognitive theory of multimedia learning to video-based teacher training. Findings were mixed: complex classroom videos imposed high cognitive demands, future teachers had difficulties integrating multiple teaching quality dimensions, and their focus often remained on pedagogical aspects. Moreover, the effectiveness of instructional principles varied according to teachers’ expertise level and teacher education phase.
Overall, the dissertation shows that enhancing professional vision requires instructional designs tailored to both teachers’ expertise and the specific teacher education phase. Transferring instructional principles to the ill-structured domain of teacher education remains challenging, and future research must address how to better support the integration of pedagogical and content knowledge.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr.27/2025
(Technische Universität Dortmund, 2025-10-10)
Component-based synthesis using combinatory logic, intersection types and predicates
(2025) Stahl, Christoph; Rehof, Jakob; Düdder, Boris
In dieser Arbeit wird eine neue Version des Combinatory Logic Synthesizer ((CL)S) vorgestellt, der Combinatory Logic Synthesizer with Predicates (CLSP) genannt wird. Dieses neue Framework verwendet Inhabitation in der kürzlich entwickelten Finite Combinatory Logic with Predicates (FCLP) anstelle der Finite Combinatory Logic (FCL), die in früheren Iterationen verwendet wird. FCLP bietet neue Spezifikationsmöglichkeiten durch die Hinzufügung von parametrisierten Typen, die es erlauben, von einer endlichen Menge von Literalen abzuhängen und durch Prädikate eingeschränkt zu werden. Der Fokus von CLSP unterscheidet sich von früheren Iterationen von (CL)S darin, dass er mit Schwerpunkt auf Ausführungsgeschwindigkeit und Benutzerfreundlichkeit entwickelt wurde, anstatt auf beweisbare Korrektheit. Sowohl die theoretischen Grundlagen des Frameworks als auch die Implementierung in Python werden diskutiert. Eine Evaluation
des Frameworks in Form von Benchmarks wird präsentiert, die verschiedene Modellierungstechniken des neuen Frameworks miteinander vergleicht, sowie die
Synthesegeschwindigkeit von CLSP mit früheren Iterationen von (CL)S. Letzteres zeigt eine Verbesserung der Laufzeit von bis zu 100-fach, verglichen mit der schnellsten (CL)S Version, in bestimmten Benchmarks. Weiterhin wird eine prototypische parallele Implementierung des Inhabitationsalgorithmus vorgestellt, der eine beinahe lineare Beschleunigung in der Anzahl der verwendeten CPU-Kerne zeigt. Abschließend werden zwei Anwendungen des Frameworks diskutiert, eins, zum Finden von Strategien in einem Fragment von LTL, und eins, im Kontext von Simulationsmodellen in Materialflusssystemen. Dies zeigt, wie das Framework sowohl in theoretischen und praktischen Anwendungen genutzt werden kann.