apsules and their properties have provoked an increasing interest in several fields of the sciences and industry. In the sciences, several relevant biological system are modeled as a liquid core encapsulated by a skin of some sort, e.g. red blood cells. In industry, capsules are usually used the other way around -- not to model nature, but rather to design for functionality, e.g. in medical application or the food industry. Given their ubiquitous application, we discuss and investigate ...

This thesis examines the employment and tax multipliers of German fiscal policy between the World Wars. Chapter 1 offers an introductory overview. Chapter 2 estimates the regional job multipliers of public job creation schemes financed by the German unemployment insurance between 1933 and 1937. The financial outlay associated with one year of employment in these programmes was found to be 706 RM, a figure that is marginally higher than the rate of unemployment benefits but represents approxim...

Die eingereichte Dissertation „Erfahrungswissen auf Reisen. Eine ethnographische Untersu-chung zum kommunikativen Umgang mit Menschen mit diagnostizierten Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen“ ist eine soziologische Ethnographie des kommunikativen Umgangs mit der medi-zinischen Kategorie Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen (kurz: ASS). Zentral geht es um die Be-antwortung der Frage, welches Wissen, welche Deutungsmuster und welche Handlungsstrate-gien involvierte Expert*innen aus den Bereichen Familie, Pflege...

The spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect denotes faster and more accurate left responses to small(er) numbers and faster and more accurate right responses to large(r) numbers, as compared to the reverse assignment. The spatial-size association of response codes (SSARC) effect describes a similar observation for physical instead of numerical size: left responses are faster and more accurate to physically small(er) stimuli whereas right responses are faster and more ac...

Silicon carbide MOSFETs have increasingly been recognized as advantageous compared to conventional silicon IGBTs; however, they face significant challenges due to a high defect density in the raw material. To optimize semiconductor efficiency, it is critical to minimize both conduction and switching losses. Conduction losses are influenced by on-state resistance and device breakdown voltage, while switching losses are dependent on switching speed, which is constrained by turn-off voltage over...

Experiments at particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), are at risk of damage due to the high-energy beams. The Beam Conditions Monitor protects the LHCb detector at the LHC. It measures the particle flux with diamond sensors at two positions near the interaction point. If the measured signals exceed safe levels, the BCM automatically triggers a dump of the LHC beams. The LHCb detector was upgraded from 2018 to 2022. Consequently, the BCM needed to be adapted to a f...

The here presented work is dedicated to the development of a software analysis tool specialized for Taylor bubble flows in a wide range of applications and covering a variety of geometrical realizations. Accordingly, a higher order FEM based interface tracking simulation software has been designed which due to the underlying isoparametric discretization and interface aligned mesh construction allows a semi-implicit treatment of the surface tension force term. The such designed numerical frame...

Gas-liquid capillary flow finds widespread applications in reaction engineering, owing to its ability to facilitate precise control and efficient mixing. Incorporating compact and regular design with Coiled Flow Inverter (CFI) enhances process efficiency due to improved mixing as well as heat and mass transfer leading to a narrow residence time distribution. The impact of Dean and Taylor flow phenomena on mixing and dispersion within these systems underscores their significance, but is st...

Durch Laserpulverauftragschweißen (LPA) ist eine flexible Gestaltung von Kühlkanälen beim Presshärten mit einer Vielzahl von Größen und einer hohen Positionierungsflexibilität im Vergleich zu spanenden Verfahren möglich. Das anschließende Glattwalzen der Werkzeugoberflächen in Kombination mit einer Variation der LPA-Prozessparameter ermöglicht eine Steuerung der Werkzeugoberflächeneigenschaften und des Reibverhaltens. Parameter wie der Walzdruck oder die Bahnüberlappung im LPA-Prozess...

In this study, C60 molecules and Bi clusters are investigated on the surfaces of two noble metals (Au(111) and Ag(111)) and on the surface of Al2O3||Ni3Al, characterized by very low conductivity. For the investigation, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and scanning tunneling microscope (STM) are used in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). On the Al2O3||Ni3Al surface, both C60 and Bi clusters exhibit a noticeable shift of the photoemission signal due to the influence of the charging energy...

The phase transition of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) from a crystalline to a liquid and a glassy state represents a promising avenue for the development of a novel class of amorphous materials. In contrast to their crystalline counterparts, liquid and glassy MOFs exhibit excellent processability, a highly advantageous property for industrial applications where the formation of specific shapes, such as pellets or thin films, is often a prerequisite. Furthermore, unlike conventional glasses,...

As a consequence of technological advancements, a trend towards the development of smart cities has emerged, i.e., towards urban areas that comprise a multitude of sensors, actuators as well as computation and communication resources. Being integrated into buildings, infrastructure elements, and other objects, these components constitute a large and heterogeneous distributed hardware platform. Traffic participants and other actors of a smart city can use this platform in an on-demand fashion ...