Recently, non-canonical DNA structures, such as G-quadruplexes (GQs), were found to be highly pressure sensitive, suggesting that pressure modulation studies can provide additional mechanistic details of such biomolecular systems. Using FRET and CD spectroscopy as well as binding equilibrium measurements, we investigated the effect of pressure on the binding reaction of the ligand ThT to the quadruplex 22AG in solutions containing different ionic species and a crowding agent mimicking the int...

The ability to generate and control strong long-range interactions via highly excited electronic states has been the foundation for recent breakthroughs in a host of areas, from atomic and molecular physics to quantum optics and technology. Rydberg excitons provide a promising solid-state realization of such highly excited states, for which record-breaking orbital sizes of up to a micrometer have indeed been observed in cuprous oxide semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate the generation and con...

This research report of the EU-funded NEWSREEL2 project consortium focusses on recent developments and challenges in nine different fields of journalism, outlining recommendations for journalism training and education.

The coherent electron spin dynamics of an ensemble of singly charged (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots in a transverse magnetic field is driven by periodic optical excitation at 1 GHz repetition frequency. Despite the strong inhomogeneity of the electron g factor, the spectral spread of optical transitions, and the broad distribution of nuclear spin fluctuations, we are able to push the whole ensemble of excited spins into a single Larmor precession mode that is commensurate with the laser repetiti...

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and related per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, a group of man-made persistent organic chemicals employed for many products, are widely distributed in the environment. Adverse health effects may occur even at low exposure levels. A large-scale PFOA contamination of drinking water resources, especially of the river Ruhr, was detected in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in summer 2006. Subsequent measurements are available from the water supply stations along the ...

Renewable and environmentally responsive materials are an energy- and resource-efficient approach in terms of civil engineering applications, e.g. as so-called smart building skins. To evaluate the influence of different environmental stimuli, like humidity or solar radiation, on the long-term actuation behavior and mechanical robustness of these materials, it is necessary to precisely characterize the magnitude and range of stimuli that trigger reactions and the resulting kinetics of a mater...

Soziale Innovationen nehmen eine immer dominanter werdende Rolle in der akademischen, politischen und gesellschaftlichen Debatte ein. Trotz einer zunehmenden Subventionierung durch die Exekutive in Zeiten angespannter Staatshaushalte, bleibt die Frage unbeantwortet, ob es „erfolgsversprechende“ im Sinne von „förderwürdigere“ soziale Innovationsprojekte gibt. Zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfrage nach einem Evaluationsdesign zur Beurteilung von sozialen Innovationen wird auf das Repertoire d...

The Sultanate of Oman has been undergoing massive changes in the last 50 years. The Gulf State transformed from a very traditional and isolated country into a wealthy and modern state. After Sultan Said was enthroned in 1970, the young Sultan Qaboos, who passed away in 2020, began to modernise Oman’s economy and society. Today, widespread, single-family houses are the prevailing residential building type, with an urban sprawl characterised by mono-functional zoning and a dependency on motoriz...

Die Nutzung des Internets und digitaler Endgeräte nimmt in unserer heutigen, vernetzten Gesellschaft einen zentralen Stellenwert ein. Viele digitale Anwendungen und Aktivitäten sind aus unserem Alltag nicht mehr wegzudenken. Rechnungen können online bezahlt und Einkäufe mit dem Smartphone getätigt werden. Die Kommunikation über soziale Netzwerke, Instant Messenger-Diensten oder E-Mail ist zu einem selbstverständlichen Bestandteil unseres Lebens geworden. Aktuelle Studien zeigen jedoch, dass v...

This study combines block-recursive restrictions with non-Gaussian and mean independent shocks to derive identifying and overidentifying higher-order moment conditions for structural vector autoregressions. We show that overidentifying higher-order moments can contain additional information and increase the efficiency of the estimation. In particular, we prove that in the non-Gaussian recursive SVAR higher-order moment conditions are relevant and therefore, the frequently applied estimat...

We consider the simulation of a system of decoupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) driven by a pure jump Lévy process L and an independent Brownian motion B. We allow the Lévy process L to have an infinite jump activity. Therefore, it is necessary for the simulation to employ a finite approximation of its Lévy measure. We use the generalized shot noise series representation method by Rosinski (2001) to approximate the driving Lévy process L. We compute the Lp...

In dieser Arbeit wird das Problem der Bestimmung einer maximalen kantendisjunkten Kreispackung bzw. der Bestimmung der Kreispackungszahl von Graphen untersucht. Die Bedeutung dieser theoretischen Problemstellung wird durch die Vorstellung dreier Anwendungen verdeutlicht. Da die Bestimmung solcher maximalen kantendisjunkten Kreispackungen sowie die Bestimmung der Kreispackungszahl NP-schwer sind, besteht die grundlegende Idee dieser Arbeit darin, Graphzerlegungen bestimmter Graphklassen zu nut...

Regelmäßiges körperliches Training kann bei vielen Multiple Sklerose (MS) spezifischen Symptomen positive Effekte hervorrufen. Einheitliche Evidenz zu den Effekten körperlichen Trainings auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit existiert jedoch aufgrund verschiedener methodischer Limitationen und heterogenen Designs bestehender Untersuchungen nicht. Zugrundeliegende mechanistische Wirkweisen potentieller Verbesserungen bleiben ebenfalls weitestgehend ungeklärt. Neurofilament-Leichtketten-Pro...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries with an increasing prevalence of approximately 25 %. NAFLD comprises several stages, starting as benign steatosis and progressing to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and in some cases to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although several emerging therapies are currently in clinical trials, so far there are no approved drugs for treatment of NASH. The overarching goal ...

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde untersucht, wie Lehramtsstudierende und Lehrkräfte über Sprachförderkompetenzen im Unterricht anhand der unterschiedlichen Stimulusformate Video (V) und Video + Transkript (VT) reflektieren. Im Fokus stand weiterhin, ob sich durch die Stimulusformate Unterschiede in den Reflexionen zeigen. Zur Zielgruppe gehörten Studierende des Bachelors und des Masters sonder- und inklusionspädagogischer Studiengänge sowie Lehrkräfte des Förderschwerpunkts Sprache. ...