Proposing critical realism and second-generation environmental justice for advancing sacrifice zone analysis

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dc.contributor.authorCobs-Munoz, Victor
dc.contributor.authorWesterholt, René
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-28T08:01:10Z
dc.date.available2025-08-28T08:01:10Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-13
dc.description.abstractThis article addresses the complex social-ecological challenges faced by sacrifice zones—territories subjected to severe environmental degradation and social injustices. Traditional environmental justice research, with its emphasis on distributive justice, often fails to capture the intricate dynamics of these often not-recognized areas. In light of these limitations, this article proposes a second-generation environmental justice approach, employing a critical realist paradigm, to identify sacrifice zones and explore their deeper causal mechanisms. This approach, which transcends the distributional focus of traditional research, reveals mechanisms commonly observed in these zones. These mechanisms enable and sustain environmental degradation and social injustices through dynamics such as economic exploitation, policy failures, and power imbalances. Intertwined within social-ecological systems, these dynamics create cycles of poverty, health disparities, and ecological harm. Moreover, the article offers a methodological reflection on the theoretical proposal and planning practices toward environmental justice. It concludes with recommendations for future research, emphasizing the importance of systemic change and inclusive policy-making to achieve environmental justice and sustainability.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/43892
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesProgress in environmental geography; 4(1)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectSacrifice zonesen
dc.subjectCritical realismen
dc.subjectEnvironmental justiceen
dc.subjectSocial-ecological systemsen
dc.subjectCausal mechanismsen
dc.subject.ddc710
dc.titleProposing critical realism and second-generation environmental justice for advancing sacrifice zone analysisen
dc.typeText
dc.type.publicationtypeResearchArticle
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
eldorado.doi.registerfalse
eldorado.secondarypublicationtrue
eldorado.secondarypublication.primarycitationCobs-Muñoz, V., & Westerholt, R. (2025). Proposing critical realism and second-generation environmental justice for advancing sacrifice zone analysis. Progress in Environmental Geography, 4(1), 44-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/27539687241307953 (Original work published 2025)
eldorado.secondarypublication.primaryidentifierhttps://doi.org/10.1177/27539687241307953

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