Authors: | Knyazeva, Marina Rozo Vasquez, Julian Gondecki, Leonard Weibring, Max Pöhl, Fabian Kipp, Monika Tenberge, Peter Theisen, Werner Walther, Frank Biermann, Dirk |
Title: | Micro-magnetic and microstructural characterization of wear progress on case-hardened 16MnCr5 gear wheels |
Other Titles: | paper dedicated to Professor Michael Pohl on the occasion of his 75th birthday |
Language (ISO): | en |
Abstract: | The evaluation of wear progress of gear tooth flanks made of 16MnCr5 was performed using non-destructive micro-magnetic testing, specifically Barkhausen noise (BN) and incremental permeability (IP). Based on the physical interaction of the microstructure with the magnetic field, the micro-magnetic characterization allowed the analysis of changes of microstructure caused by wear, including phase transformation and development of residual stresses. Due to wide parameter variation and application of bandpass filter frequencies of micro-magnetic signals, it was possible to indicate and separate the main damage mechanisms considering the wear development. It could be shown that the maximum amplitude of BN correlates directly with the profile form deviation and increases with the progress of wear. Surface investigations via optical and scanning electron microscopy indicated strong surface fatigue wear with micro-pitting and micro-cracks, evident in cross-section after 3 × 105 cycles. The result of fatigue on the surface layer was the decrease of residual compression stresses, which was indicated by means of coercivity by BN-analysis. The different topographies of the surfaces, characterized via confocal white light microscopy, were also reflected in maximum BN-amplitude. Using complementary microscopic characterization in the cross-section, a strong correlation between micro-magnetic parameters and microstructure was confirmed and wear progress was characterized in dependence of depth under the wear surface. The phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite according to wear development, measured by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was also detected by micro-magnetic testing by IP-analysis. |
Subject Headings: | Wear Non-destructive testing Micro-magnetic testing Surface fatigue |
Subject Headings (RSWK): | Materialermüdung Magnetische Werkstoffprüfung Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2003/37981 http://dx.doi.org/10.17877/DE290R-19965 |
Issue Date: | 2018-11-15 |
Rights link: | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Appears in Collections: | Fachgebiet Werkstoffprüftechnik |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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materials-11-02290.pdf | 7.14 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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