Laser Impact Welding
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Date
2012-07-18
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Abstract
Laser impact welding is a solid-state, collision-based welding process. In this process,
laser-generated optical energy is converted to kinetic energy through the ablation at the
surface and confinement of the gas generated between a flyer and backing plate. The
launch of the flyer can be affected by many factors, for example, backing material, ablative
layer, and flyer thickness. In this paper, the effect of three backing materials: glass,
polycarbonate and cellophane tape, were studied with different laser spot size and
commercially pure aluminum alloy 1100 was used as the flyer. The results show that glass
can provide the most efficient launches, but is damaged. Polycarbonate is a good
compromise between efficiency and robustness. Welding is possible between many
similar and dissimilar material pairs. In this study, commercially pure nickel was joined to
commercially pure nickel. There are several possible geometric arrangements of the
target relative to the flyer. With flat targets, metallurgical bonding takes place along the
edges of the spot, and jet was observed in the center of the spot. Corrugated targets
provide more surface area for metallurgical bonding. In this paper, the flyer launch
velocity-time profile is also demonstrated using a photon Doppler velocimetry technique.
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Keywords
energy efficiency, impact angle, impact velocity, jet, laser impact welding