Mammalian proteome profiling reveals readers and antireaders of strand-symmetric and -asymmetric 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-modifications in DNA

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dc.contributor.authorEngelhard, Lena
dc.contributor.authorCakil, Zeyneb Vildan
dc.contributor.authorZambrano-Mila, Marlon S.
dc.contributor.authorEppmann, Simone
dc.contributor.authorGonzalez, Tye
dc.contributor.authorLinser, Rasmus
dc.contributor.authorJanning, Petra
dc.contributor.authorBecker, Sidney
dc.contributor.authorSummerer, Daniel
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-14T13:57:41Z
dc.date.available2026-01-14T13:57:41Z
dc.date.issued2026-01-04
dc.description.abstractThe cytosine (C) modifications 5-methylcytosine (mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) are central regulatory elements of mammalian genomes. Both marks occur in double-stranded DNA in either strand-symmetric or -asymmetric fashion, but it is still poorly understood how this symmetry information is selectively read out by the nuclear proteome as the basis of potential symmetry-dependent regulation. We report enrichment/proteomics studies with promoter probes being strand-symmetrically or asymmetrically modified with C, mC, and hmC, enabling comparison of their reader profiles in the same sequence, tissue, and experimental contexts. We identify a high number of tissue-specific readers for hmC-modified sequences that fall into distinct, probe-specific sub-groups, including members of important transcription factor classes and chromatin regulators. Among them, we discover the master regulators MYC and MAX that play central roles in cell (de)differentiation and cancer progression to read hmC in a sequence-dependent manner. We also find RFX5, a transcription factor involved in primary MHC class II deficiency, to discriminate between hmC symmetries in CpG dyads. Our findings provide further support for the hypothesis that hmC symmetry information can provide distinct regulatory outputs and provide a resource for studying the molecular mechanisms triggered by symmetric and asymmetric hmC modifications in chromatin regulation during development and disease.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2003/44670
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesAdvance science
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectchemical biologyen
dc.subjectDNA modificationsen
dc.subjectepigeneticsen
dc.subjectproteomicsen
dc.subjectTET-dioxygenasesen
dc.subject.ddc570
dc.subject.ddc540
dc.subject.rswkChemische Biologie
dc.subject.rswkProteomanalyse
dc.subject.rswkTET-Enzyme
dc.titleMammalian proteome profiling reveals readers and antireaders of strand-symmetric and -asymmetric 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-modifications in DNAen
dc.typeText
dc.type.publicationtypeResearchArticle
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
eldorado.dnb.deposittrue
eldorado.doi.registerfalse
eldorado.openaire.projectidentifierinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101082494/EU/Fast-MAS Solid-State NMR as a Bypass to High-Molecular-Weight Proteins in Solution/bypassNMR/
eldorado.secondarypublicationtrue
eldorado.secondarypublication.primarycitationL. Engelhard, Z. V. Cakil, M. S. Zambrano-Mila, et al. “ Mammalian Proteome Profiling Reveals Readers and Antireaders of Strand-Symmetric and -Asymmetric 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine-Modifications in DNA.” Advanced Science (2026): e11925. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202511925
eldorado.secondarypublication.primaryidentifierhttps://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202511925

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