Einstein's Objections against Quantum Mechanics
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Date
2006-10-12T18:57:33Z
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Abstract
After the discovery of quantum
mechanics by Heisenberg and Schrödinger in 1925, Einstein raised
again and again objections to this theory. Obviously, he had the
impression that (a) quantum mechanics does not adequately grasp
reality, that it is (b) based on probabilistic laws of nature and
that it is (c) for this reason incomplete. Einstein must have
obtained this impression from many presentations of quantum
mechanics in the first decade after its discovery. -- However,
technical refutations of Einstein's objections were not possible
when these arguments were put forward, since the necessary formal
tools were not yet available at this time. Instead, the advocates
of quantum mechanics tried to disprove Einstein merely by
intuitive and less rigorous arguments. -- In the light of current
physics we find that the objections (a) and (b) are irrelevant
since, in accordance with Einstein's intentions, quantum mechanics
does refer to reality and is not based on probabilistic laws. Only
the incompleteness argument is incorrect. However, for technical
reasons a convincing refutation of this objection only became
possible thirty years after its formulation and ten years after
Einstein's death.
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Keywords
Bell's inequalities, Einstein, Quantum mechanics, Reality Criterion