Exact dynamics in the inhomogeneous central-spin model

Abstract

We study the dynamics of a single spin 1/2 coupled to a bath of spins 1/2 by inhomogeneous Heisenberg couplings including a central magnetic field. This central-spin model describes decoherence in quantum bit systems. An exact formula for the dynamics of the central spin is presented, based on the Bethe ansatz. For initially completely polarized bath spins and small magnetic field, we find persistent oscillations of the central spin about a nonzero mean value. For a large number of bath spins Nb, the oscillation frequency is proportional to Nb, whereas the amplitude behaves as 1/Nb, to leading order. No asymptotic decay of the oscillations due to the nonuniform couplings is observed, in contrast to some recent studies.