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Self-assembled hosts, inspired by biological receptors and catalysts, show potential for sustainable synthesis, energy conversion and medicine. Implementing multiple functionalities in the form of distinguishable building blocks, however, is difficult without risking narcissistic self-sorting or statistical mess. Here, we report a systematic series of integratively self-assembled heteroleptic cages in which two square-planar PdII cations are bridged by four different bis-pyridyl ligands ...
Enzyme-catalyzed replication of nucleic acid sequences is a prerequisite for the survival and evolution of biological entities. Before the advent of protein synthesis, genetic information was most likely stored in and replicated by RNA. However, experimental systems for sustained RNA-dependent RNA-replication are difficult to realise, in part due to the high thermodynamic stability of duplex products and the low chemical stability of catalytic RNAs. Using a derivative of a group I intron as a...
Growth and division of biological cells are based on the complex orchestration of spatiotemporally controlled reactions driven by highly evolved proteins. In contrast, it remains unknown how their primordial predecessors could achieve a stable inheritance of cytosolic components before the advent of translation. An attractive scenario assumes that periodic changes of environmental conditions acted as pacemakers for the proliferation of early protocells. Using catalytic RNA (ribozymes) as mode...
Infolge des demografischen Wandels in der westlichen Welt und einer immer aktiver werdenden Gesellschaft steigt der Einsatz von Biomaterialien und damit die Anforderungen an deren Leistungsfähigkeit, Effizienz und Kosten. Die gängigen permanenten Implantatmaterialien können dabei die Anforderungen bei einem temporären Einsatz im menschlichen Körper nicht erfüllen, sodass für derartige Anwendungen zunehmend an biodegradierbaren Metallen geforscht wird. Diese ermöglichen eine zeitlich begrenzte...
The LHCb experiment is currently undergoing a major upgrade, preparing for the next period of data taking starting in 2022, where the instantaneous luminosity will increase by a factor of five. To ensure a safe operation of the experiment, simulation studies are performed for the Beam Conditions Monitor (BCM), responsible of protecting LHCb against possible damage from the beam. In the first part of this thesis the impact of the changed beam conditions and configurations of the LHCb sub...
Die Ser/Thr-Kinase Akt (Proteinkinase B) ist ein zentraler Regulator im PI3K/Akt/mTOR-Signalnetzwerk, der am häufigsten aktivierten Signalkaskade bei malignen humanen Erkrankungen. Die durch Akt vermittelte Signaltransduktion stellt einen wesentlichen Bestandteil grundlegender physiologischer Prozesse dar, zu denen Zellproliferation, Überleben, Stoffwechsel und Proteinbiosynthese zählen. Veränderungen in den Akt-regulierenden Proteinen wie PI3K und PTEN können zu einer Akt-Hyperaktivität führ...
We analyse the Γ-convergence of general non-local convolution type functionals with varying densities depending on the space variable and on the symmetrized gradient. The limit is a local free-discontinuity functional, where the bulk term can be completely characterized in terms of an asymptotic cell formula. From that, we can deduce an homogenisation result in the stochastic setting.
This paper investigates the role of flood risk experts in supporting homeowners to implement property-level flood risk adaption (PLFRA). Homeowners can reduce their flood risks by implementing PLFRA. However, oftentimes they need advice on what sort of and how to implement PLFRA. This means that tailored experts advice is necessary to inform homeowners on such measures. But experience shows that mere information is often insufficient to motivate homeowners to realise measures. This contributi...
Dressing electronic quantumstates with virtual photons creates exotic effects ranging from vacuum-field modified transport to polaritonic chemistry, and squeezing or entanglement of modes. The established paradigm of cavity quantum electrodynamics maximizes the light-matter coupling strength ΩR=ωc, defined as the ratio of the vacuumRabi frequency and the frequency of light, by resonant interactions. Yet, the finite oscillator strength of a single electronic excitation sets a natural limit to ...
Tissue homeostasis and disease states rely on the formation of new blood vessels through angiogenic sprouting, which is tightly regulated by the properties of the surrounding extracellular matrix. While physical cues, such as matrix stiffness or degradability, have evolved as major regulators of cell function in tissue microenvironments, it remains unknown whether and how physical cues regulate endothelial cell migration during angiogenesis. To investigate this, a biomimetic model of angiogen...
Simulation is a crucial tool for the evaluation and comparison of statistical methods. How to design fair and neutral simulation studies is therefore of great interest for both researchers developing new methods and practitioners confronted with the choice of the most suitable method. The term simulation usually refers to parametric simulation, that is, computer experiments using artificial data made up of pseudo-random numbers. Plasmode simulation, that is, computer experiments using the com...
Contaminated air quality, in lieu of massive industrial pollution, is severely attributing to health anomalies in the proximity of industrial units. Cardiovascular Disease (CAD) is rising around industrial units in the planned capital city of Pakistan, Pakistan. To study self-reported CAD in the proximity of Industrial Estate Islamabad (IEI) by equating two distinct study groups as ‘Band-I’: the residence 0–650 meters and ‘Band-II’ 650–1300 meters radius around the perimeter of IEI. The perim...
I develop a challenge to reductive views of knowing that ϕ that appeal to what I call a gradable property. Such appeal allows for properties that are intrinsically very similar to the property of knowing that ϕ, but differ significantly in their normative significance. This violates the independently plausible claim Pautz (2017) labels the ‘small difference principle.’
We propose a new full discretization of the Biot’s equations in poroelasticity. The construction is driven by the inf-sup theory, which we recently developed. It builds upon the four-field formulation of the equations obtained by introducing the total pressure and the total fluid content. We discretize in space with Lagrange finite elements and in time with backward Euler. We establish inf-sup stability and quasi-optimality of the proposed discretization, with robust constants with respect t...
The objective of this series of tests is to characterize the alkali and water resistance of two non-vulcanized formulations based on co-polymerizing styrene–butadiene rubbers (SBR1 and SBR2). The relative merits of the two polymer systems as impregnating agents for alkali-resistant glass reinforcement in cementitious binders are assessed. For this purpose, polymer films were synthesized and then chemically conditioned for up to half a year at temperatures of 23 °C and 50 °C in sodium hydroxid...
The transition from an RNA-based world to DNA as the primary genetic material is a pivotal topic in origin-of-life research. This study aims to prototype a hybrid genome system combining DNA and RNA, capable of self-replication and evolution, initially in vitro and potentially in vivo. Using Qß replicase, segmented RNA genomes were synthesized, incorporating the Phi29 phage pRNA for self-assembly into nanorings. The replication efficacy of these replicons was evaluated both independently...
Different mammalian species progress through similar stages during embryonic development and adult life but the pace of these transitions is species-specific. While classically, developmental timing was viewed merely as a consequence of varying body sizes between species, the use of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has shown that species-specific developmental timing is maintained during in vitro differentiation. Since then, uncovering cell-intrinsic mechanisms that regulate the timescales of de...
Avapritinib is the only potent and selective inhibitor approved for the treatment of D842V-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), the most common primary mutation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA). The approval was based on the NAVIGATOR trial, which revealed overall response rates of more than 90%. Despite this transformational activity, patients eventually progress, mostly due to acquired resistance mutations or following discontinuation due to neuro-cognitiv...
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- 291 Dette, Holger
- 139 Suter, Dieter
- 136 Böhmer, Roland
- 80 Weyer, Johannes
- 78 Leuders, Timo
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- 75 Schweizer, Ben
- 74 Ufer, Stefan
- 74 Weihs, Claus
- 73 Biehler, Rolf
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