Development and validation of a new scale for prediction of low back pain occurrence among nurses
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Date
2019-05-27
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Abstract
There are several scales for prediction of low back pain (LBP) occurrence, but most of them only consider occupational
aspect. This study aimed to develop and validate a new biopsychosocial scale for the LBP prediction
among nurses. In this mixed-method study, a scale was developed by integrating the findings from the literature
review and the semi-structured interviews. The qualitative and quantitative face and content validation were then
performed. The construct validation was performed based on the hypothesis testing by independent-samples ttest
using the SPSS in a case study with 241 nurses. The reliability of the scale was also tested through 15-day
interval test-retest reliability by Intra Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Then the Minimum Detectable
Changes (MDC) and MDC % was calculated. The results showed that the three dimensions (occupational, psychosocial
and individual), consisted of 40 items, predict LBP occurrence. Both the scale and the three sub-scales
could differentiate known groups of nurses in terms of LBP. These groups were nurses: with/without LBP during
the past 12 years, with a high/low occurrence of LBP, with/without co-morbidity, being female/male,
with/without night shift, and with high/low repetition of loads/patients handling. The average measure ICC of
the scale was 0.866 (P <0.001). The MDC95 (MDC %) was 14.86 (15.65 %). We concluded that the proposed
scale is a simple and trustworthy tool which supports the multidimensional nature of LBP.
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Keywords
Low back pain, Ergonomic assessment, Nursing personnel, Biopsychosocial factors, Scale development