Review Articles

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http://hdl.handle.net/2003/27535

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J. G. Hengstler
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors
Ardeystr. 67
D-44139 Dortmund
Germany

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L. S. Weilemann, Mainz, Germany
I. Ishibashi, Tokyo, Japan
P. Micke, Uppsala, Sweden
J. Timmer, Freiburg, Germany
A. Winterpacht, Erlangen, Germany
B. C. Behera, Pune, India

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EXCLI
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Mrs. S. Lindemann
Institute for Occupational Physiology
at the University of Dortmund
Leibniz Research Centre
for Working Environment and Human Factors
Ardeystraße 67
D-44139 Dortmund
Fon +49(0)231/1084-0
Fax +49(0)231/1084-308
EXCLI
ISSN 1611-2156

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Sedative and hypnotic effects of Iranian traditional medicinal herbs used for treatment of insomnia
(2011-12-02) Andalib, Sasan; Naeini, Azadeh Motavallian; Vaseghi, Ali; Vaseghi, Golnaz
For tens of centuries, plants have been highly valued and regularly used as medicine amongst the masses. Insomnia, a loss of sleep, is mostly treated by synthetic sleeping tablets these days. However, questions have been raised about the safety of prolonged use of artificial sedatives due to their deleterious side effects such as physical dependence. In recent years, there has been an increasing propensity to preclude insomnia by herbal medicines throughout the world. Many herbs have a lengthy background in terms of insomnia treatment in Iran. This paper gives an account of previously published research on sedative and hypnotic effects of medicinal herbs used for treatment of insomnia in Iranian traditional medicine.
Endocrine disrupting compounds exposure and testis development in mammals
(2011-12-02) Egbowon, Biola F.; Mustapha, Olajide A.
In the last few decades, there is substantial evidence that male reproductive function is deteriorating in humans and wildlife and this is associated with unintentional exposure to widely used synthetic chemicals. Subsequently, much has been done to show that certain chemicals in the environment adversely interfere with the developing fetal gonads of the laboratory animals. Some in vitro studies have demonstrated treatment-induced reproductive problems in offspring exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) which are similar to those observed in wildlife and human population. Few EDC studies have demonstrated that there are certain periods of gestation when the developing fetus is highly sensitive and at risk of small endocrine changes. Similar observations have been made in the sewage sludge model, however, while animal studies have been insightful in providing valuable information about the range of effects that can be attributed to in utero exposure to EDCs, varying levels of maternal doses administered in different studies exaggerated extrapolation of these results to human. Thus the EDC concentration representative of fetal exposure levels is uncertain because of the complexities of its nature. So far, the level of fetal exposure can only be roughly estimated. There is substantial evidence from animal data to prove that EDCs can adversely affect reproductive development and function in male and more has accumulated on the mechanisms by which they exert their effects. This paper therefore, reviews previous studies to highlight the extent to which testis development can be disrupted during fetal life.
Dark nights behind the white clouds
(2011-05-17) Zainul, Zarin
Tobacco smoking is the common practice in a large percentage of the population worldwide, and the incidence is continuously increasing. Tobacco smoking is the most preventable cause of lung cancer, and it also impairs oral health. People are aware of the carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoking on the lungs and oral cavity, but it is also a risk factor for many other harmful diseases. This review article covers most of the diseases that are associated with tobacco smoking, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), arthritis, impotency, infertility, tuberculosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. The association of these diseases with tobacco smoking is discussed in detail in this review, along with their possible pathophysiology. This article focuses on the ongoing research of these diseases, and aims to raise awareness of the hazards of tobacco smoking, and to promote antismoking awareness programs.

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