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Due to increasing competitive pressure and a growing focus on environmentally friendly and sustainable production processes, energy-efficient and resource-saving processes are becoming more and more important. Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) is a relatively young membrane-based separation technology offering a high potential in process intensification compared to usual fluid separations. Despite the advantages application in industry still faces many challenges. The lack of predictabilit...
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation war die Entwicklung neuartiger Strategien zur nachträglichen Vernetzung von thermoplastischen Polymeren. Diesem Ziel folgend wurden neue Strategien zur Vernetzung sowie neu angepasste Vernetzungssysteme für isotaktisches Polypropylen (iPP), syndiotaktisches Polypropylen (sPP), Polybuten-1 (PB-1), Polyethylenterephthalat (PET), Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT), Polyamid 6 (PA6), Polyamid 11 (PA11), Polyether-Block-Amid (PEBA), Polyethyloxazolin (PEtOx), Chl...
Prenylierte Substanzen tragen zur Vielfalt der Sekundärmetabolite bei. Prenylierte Metabolite besitzen entzündungshemmende und antibakterielle Eigenschaften. Die Enzyme, die die Prenylierung durch Bildung einer neuen C-C oder C-O Bindung katalysieren sind Prenyltransferasen. Eines dieser Enzyme ist an der Biosynthese des psychoaktiven Wirkstoffs THC aus Cannabis beteiligt. Olivetolsäure wird mit Geranyldiphosphat bei dieser Reaktion zu Cannabigerolsäure prenyliert, dem Ausgangsstoff...
The development of sustainable processes and the implementation of renewable raw materials are increasingly important for the chemical industry. In particular, homogeneous catalysis is a key technology in this context since it allows for atom economic and selective syntheses under mild reaction conditions. In this work, two important tasks in process development for homogeneously catalysed carbonylation reactions were investigated: Recycling of known homogeneous transition metal catalysts D...
Iterative Real-Time Optimization (RTO) has gained increasing attention in the context of model-based optimization of the operating points of chemical plants in the presence of plant-model mismatch. In all these schemes, it is necessary to wait for the plant having reached a steady-state to obtain the required information on plant performance and constraint satisfaction, which leads to slow convergence in the case of processes with slow dynamics. This works addresses this issue by consid...
Die in Australien beheimatete Pflanzengattung Duboisia, die historisch schon von den Aborigines verwendet wurde, ist bis heute die Hauptquelle der medizinisch genutzten Tropanalkaloide. Davon werden Scopolamin und dessen Derivate häufig als anticholinerge Wirkstoffe in der Behandlung von postoperativer Übelkeit und Erbrechen, Reiseübelkeit sowie gastrointestinalen, renalen und biliären Krämpfen angewandt. Bis heute wird die globale Marktversorgung mit Scopolamin hauptsächlich über den großflä...
Model-based optimization and control is becoming more and more important in the process industries and in general. Modelling almost always involves the estimation of parameters from available data. The parameter estimation problem is usually posed as the minimization of the prediction error or the maximization of the likelihood function. If the uncertainty of the measurements taken from a real process is assumed to be an interval around the measured values, a set of parameter vectors ...
Terpenoids are mostly plant derived compounds with industrial and medicinal applications. These compounds can be provided via biotechnological production as environmental friendly alternative to chemical synthesis or plant extraction. However, productivities from microbial hosts require improvement in order to be economically competitive. Therefore, microbial hosts are compared and new metabolic engineering targets aimed at increasing terpenoid production are investigated by stoichiometric me...
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, neuartige Reaktionsführungen von flüssig-flüssig Pfropfenströmungen in Kapillarmikrokontaktoren zu untersuchen. Hierzu werden die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften der Pfropfenströmung für hochviskose ionische Flüssigkeiten, für die Gegenstromführung einer aromatischen Nitrierung und insbesondere für heterogen katalysierte Stoffsysteme erschlossen. Flüssig-flüssig Pfropfenströmungen zeichnen sich neben ihrer regelmäßigen Phasenverteilung durch das effektive Zusammen...
Die Trends in der chemischen Industrie hin zu flexiblen Prozessen und kürzeren Prozessentwicklungszeiten haben in den zurückliegenden 20 Jahren zur intensiven Erforschung der Mikroreaktionstechnik geführt. Allerdings wurden feststoffbasierte Prozesse mit Blick auf die mögliche Mikrokanalblockierung und die häufig immer noch heuristische Auslegung kaum erforscht. Das betrifft auch die Suspensionskatalyse in Mikroreaktoren, obwohl sie speziell in der Flüssig/flüssig-Pfropfenströmung aussichtsre...
Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) is the oldest known medicinal plant. For millennia, the plant has also been used for fibre and oil production.The most prominent feature of C. sativa is the psychoactive effect ascribed to its secondary metabolites, cannabinoids (mainly to tetrahydrocannabinol, THC). However, many other pharmacological properties of the aforementioned specialized compounds have been described. Currently, the demand for THC for various medical applications is substantial, while...
With the objective to increase the efficiency of the aeration tanks of municipal wastewater treatment plants, the present work deals with the complete and systematic coupling of a biological model system with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In addition to the realization of a three-phase flow, appropriate mathematical models for the rheology and sedimentation of activated sludge are developed based on literature and experimental data. The oxygen transport into the activated sludge and the...
Cannabis sativa L. trichomes are the main site for synthesizing and storing cannabinoids and other secondary metabolites on this plant. Metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics were applied in this research as analytical approaches in order to study secondary metabolites, proteins, and genes that are synthesized in the trichomes. The function of specific trichomes and their individual parts in the cannabinoid biosynthesis was investigated as well. 1H NMR-based metabolomics has been succe...