Während Mikro- und Nanosensoren in einigen Sensorkategorien bekanntermaßen seit Jahren zum Stand der Technik gehören und Teil des täglichen Lebens sind, werden im Bereich der Vakuummeter weiterhin überwiegend herkömmliche Sensoren und Messgeräte verwendet. Obwohl zahlreiche wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus den vergangenen Jahrzehnten die Entwicklung von Mikro- und Nano-Vakuumsensoren thematisieren, haben diese sich bisher noch nicht gegen herkömmliche Messzellen durchgesetzt. In diesem Buch wir...

This thesis studies three robust combinatorial optimization problems on graphs. Most robust combinatorial optimization problems assume that the cost of the resources, e.g. edges in a graph, are uncertain. In this thesis, however, we study the so called bulk-robust approach which models the uncertainty in the underlying combinatorial structure. To be more precise, in the bulk-robust model we are given an explicit list of scenarios comprising a set of resources each, which fail if the correspon...

Shear failure is a brittle and undesirable mode of failure in reinforced concrete structures. Many of the existing shear design equations for steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams include significant uncertainty due to the failure in accurately predicting the true shear capacity. Given these, adequate quantification and description of model uncertainties considering the systematic variation in the model prediction and measured shear capacity is crucial for reliability-based investigati...

The question of whether infants prefer prosocial agents over antisocial agents is contentious. Therefore, the first goal of the present study was to replicate previous findings regarding infants’ preference. The second goal was to assess whether infants are more likely to imitate a prosocial agent than an antisocial agent. We tested 9-month-old, 14-month-old, and 4-year-old children. The study used the “opening a box to get a toy” paradigm in which an animal puppet is trying unsuccessfully to...

In magnetic semiconductors the optical spectrum and, in particular, the absorption edge representing the band-gap are strongly affected by the onset of the magnetic order. This contribution to the band-gap energy has hitherto been described theoretically in terms of a Heisenberg Hamiltonian, in which a delocalized conduction carrier is coupled to the localized magnetic moments by the exchange interaction. Such models, however, do not take into account the strong correlations displayed in a wi...

Die zunehmende Elektrifizierung der Automobile sowie die sinkende Nachfrage nach Fahr-zeugen mit Dieselmotoren führen zu einer Steigerung des Kosten- und Fertigungsdrucks in der spanenden Fertigungsbranche. Der Wandel im Automobilsektor sowie der prognostizierte Konjunkturabschwung führen dazu, dass aktuell bestehende Prozesse hinsichtlich der resul-tierenden Fertigungskosten durch eine gezielte Auswahl verschiedener Verfahren zu optimie-ren sind. Zur Gewährleistung einer erfolgreichen Umsetz...

In dieser Arbeit wurde das Adsorptionsverhalten verschiedener Substanzen aus der Gas- oder Flüssigphase an Modellmembranen untersucht. Lipidmembranen spielen in lebenden Organismen eine wesentliche Rolle. In Form von Doppelschichten organisieren sie die Abgrenzung der Zelle und der intrazellulären Kompartimente. In der Lunge reguliert eine komplexe Lipid-Protein Monolage, das sogenannte pulmonale Surfactant, den störungsfreien Gasaustausch. Heutzutage ist die menschliche Lunge vielen potenzie...

This thesis contains two works on the topic of sequential model-based optimization (MBO). In the first part an extension of MBO towards resource-aware parallelization is presented and in the second part MBO is adapted to optimize dynamic optimization problems. Before the newly developed methods are introduced the reader is given a detailed introduction into various aspects of MBO and related work. This covers thoughts on the choice of the initial design, the surrogate model, the acquisit...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a wide spectrum of liver diseases and is the leading cause of liver diseases worldwide. Features of the metabolic syndrome and extrahepatic diseases, like cardiovascular diseases and kidney stone disease, strongly associate with NAFLD. A previously identified steatosis-associated downregulation of the alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) was suggested to be one molecular link explaining the connection of NAFLD with the development of c...

The present thesis deals with tourist maps. Although tourist maps are used by many people, there is a lack of research in this topic. There are no greater studies about existing tourist maps and there is also not much literature which claims how to design such maps. Present studies about tourist maps are always done from cartography’s point of view. Studies dealing with tourist maps from tourism’s point of view are missing. Therefore, one main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the quality of...

In dieser Dissertation untersuchen wir eine neue Strategie, um mit stochastischen Optimierungsproblemen umzugehen. Die stochastische Optimierung beschäftigt sich mit Problemen mit unsicheren Parametern. Unter der Annahme, dass die Verteilung dieser unsicheren Parameter bekannt ist, soll der Erwartungswert der Zielfunktion optimiert werden. Wir führen den Min-E-Min-Ansatz ein, bei dem anstatt einer Lösung K Lösungen berechnet werden. Nachdem die Realisierung der unsicheren Parameter beobachte...

Challenges in the field of logistics have pushed development and integration of cyber-physical systems in these applications. PhyNode as one of these systems has shown promising results for enabling a transportation box with intelligence. However, engineering shortcomings during its development and implementation have shown potential for further research topics. Among them, balancing the Energy Supply Unit (ESU) to avoid periodic battery recharge is the main motivation of this work addressed ...